Twenty preterm infants (gestational age range 27-36 weeks) who had never been fed enterally were studied. Doppler indices of flow velocity from the superior mesenteric and coeliac arteries were measured immediately before, and at postprandial time intervals up to 60 minutes after, a first feed of 1 ml of milk given through a nasogastric tube. There were no significant differences between the pr...

Forward osmosis (FO) has recently drawn attention as a promising membrane based method for seawater and brackish water desalination. In this study, we focus on the use of calciun chloride (CaCl2) and potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) as inorganic salt draw solution candidates due to their appropriate performance in water flux and reverse salt diffusion as well as reasonable cost. The experiments we...

This paper presents simulation of cutting process by turning of polyamide PA 66, the simulation based on approach Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian, ALE. Was taken into account a tool knife CNMA from Coromant. The flow stress of the workpiece is modeled as function of strain, strain rate and temperature, so as to reflect its dynamic changes in physical properties. In this way, the influences of dep...

Administration of drugs through enteral feeding tubes can be a simple way by which infants and children can receive medications, but it introduces concerns about potential blockage of the tube. The risk of feeding tubes becoming blocked is greater with small-diameter feeding tubes and low flush volumes.Tube blockage is disruptive to patient care, and replacing tubes can be uncomfortable for the...

in this study, the modeling of hydrogen production process in microreactors by methanol-steam reforming reaction is investigated. the catalytic reaction of methanol-steam reforming producing hydrogen is simulated considering a 3d geometry for the microreactor. to calculate diffusion among species, mixture average correlations are compared to stephan-maxwell equations. the reactions occurring in...

in this study, a laboratory scale continuous plug flow fluidized bed dryer was designed and constructed. a backward-curved centrifugal fan with a 4 kw electromotor was selected based on the maximum pressure drop in the minimum fluidization state and the ability to produce the velocity required for fluidization of the most granular agricultural materials. the fluidization chamber was a rectangul...

Optimization of a fixed-bed bioreactor used in wastewater treatment is addressed. The objective of optimization is to maximize the treatment efficiency of the biofilter by manipulating the feed flow rate while satisfying operational constraints. Numerical results indicate that the optimal input is characterized as being on the boundary of the admissible region. Thus, the characterized optimal s...

A series of three feeding trials was conducted to determine if nipple waterer flow rate affects the performance of nursery-age pigs and if there are any interaction effects with environmental factors. In the first trial, 42 barrows, 10 wk of age, were fed during a period of 4 wk at 5 or 35 C and given water ad libitum with flow rates of 100, 600 and 1,100 ml/min and a control treatment of 20 C ...

Attainable Region theory is used to define the bounds of the operating region where an improvement in the productivity of ammonia is realised. An iso-productivity plot is used in conjunction with the results obtained from the attainable region to define a region of increased productivity. The objective is to determine the operating conditions under which the existing reactor system can handle i...