Newly developed materials such as engineered nanomaterials are produced in increasing amounts and applied in a growing number of products. Once released to the environment, they can pose a hazard to ecosystems and human health. To assess potential risks, the exposure of the material to humans and the environment has to be determined. For many materials such as engineered nanomaterials, a quanti...

The use of multiple sampling areas in landscape genetic analysis has been recognized as a useful way of generalizing the patterns of environmental effects on organism gene flow. It reduces the variability in inference which can be substantially affected by the scale of the study area and its geographic location. However, empirical landscape genetic studies rarely consider multiple sampling area...

Design of a natural dry cooling tower has been accomplished in two sections: the design of heat exchangers and the numerical solution of flow through the tower. Heat exchanger (Heller type) has been simulated thermodynamically and then coupled with a computer program, which calculated the turbulent natural convection flow through the tower. The computer program developed for this purpose can be...

[1] A Porites coral from New Ireland (2.5 S, 150.5 E), at the heart of the Pacific warm pool, records variations of Ba/Ca back to the early 1820s. The New Ireland Coastal Undercurrent, which flows along the north coast and transports high-nutrient thermocline waters, is thought to be the main source of the Ba enrichment observed in the coral during El Niño. Between the 1850s and the 1960s, freq...

T he mesoscale atmospheric flow near coastlines with rugged, steep terrain is often very complex and can be quite intense (Young and Winstead 2005). During the cool season, extratropical cyclones over the Pacific Ocean frequently make landfall along the southeast coast of Alaska. Interaction of these synoptic-scale disturbances with the steeply rising coastal terrain (see Fig. 1) can produce st...