We explore the influence of handedness and the way command selection is integrated with direct manipulation on the speed of command selection. Two empirical studies provide converging evidence that it is the merging of command selection and direct manipulation that benefits performance most, and this is especially effective in a single-handed technique. These findings provide empirical evidence...

We explore past and recent developments in rare-event probability estimation with a particular focus on a novel Monte Carlo technique – Empirical Likelihood Maximization (ELM). This is a versatile method that involves sampling from a sequence of densities using MCMC and maximizing an empirical likelihood. The quantity of interest, the probability of a given rare-event, is estimated by solving a...

In this paper, linear errors-in-response models are considered in the presence of validation data on the responses. A semiparametric dimension reduction technique is employed to define an estimator of β with asymptotic normality, the estimated empirical loglikelihoods and the adjusted empirical loglikelihoods for the vector of regression coefficients and linear combinations of the regression co...

Recently in agricultural and industrial sectors, researchers have started to classify the climate of a region using empirical methods clustering. This study aims compare four approaches classification (Thornthwaite Mather, De Martonne, Extended IRIMO (I.R. Iran Meteorological Organization)) with Ward’s hierarchical agglomerative clustering applied Iran. The dataset used this comprises maximum m...

The use of reconfiguration of field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to improve the area efficiency of a class of FPGA circuits is reported. The applicability of the technique to a large class of general-purpose applications is established by identifying the key characteristics of suitable circuits. The development of a new design methodology that allows the technique to be reliably deployed wi...

These comments concentrate on two issues arising from Fan’s overview. The first concerns the importance of finite sample estimation bias relative to the specification and discretization biases that are emphasized in Fan’s discussion. Past research and simulations given here both reveal that finite sample effects can be more important than the other two effects when judged from either statistica...

Article history: Received 22 August 2011 Received in revised form 5 September 2011 Accepted 6 September 2011 Available online 6 October 2011 The Delphi technique has been around for over half a century, so now seems a proper time to consider its past, present and future. This introduction characterises the papers in this special Delphi issue, which include both conceptual and empirical works. I...

This article examines the methodology behind an empirical study investigating the ‘real life’ role of criminal defence lawyers and their approach to ethical conflict resolution. Using a normative conceptual framework entitled the ‘zealous advocate’ model, the study involved interviews with defence practitioners. A central feature of the interviews was a method known as the ‘vignette technique’,...