BACKGROUND Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), encodes either four or five plus-sense single stranded RNAs and is the causal agent of sugar beet rhizomania disease, which is widely distributed in most regions of the world. BNYVV can also infect Nicotiana benthamiana systemically, and causes severe curling and stunting symptoms in the presence of RNA4 or mild symptoms in the absence of RNA4...

Acanthamoeba culbertsoni was identified retrospectively in a case of amoebic meningoencephalitis, previously reported by Jager and Stamm (Lancet, 2, 1343, 1972). This is the second report of this species causing secondary infection in man. Positive results were obtained only with anti-A. culbertsoni sera when the brain sections were stained by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test with ...

Introduction: The development of an effective vaccine against Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is still a target of intensive vaccine research. The HCV envelope proteins E1 and E2 which can induce broadly neutralizing antibodies are the major candidate for this purpose. Different types of expression systems have been used to express these glycoproteins. In this study, an expression system using Pichia p...

Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) infection is found commonly in laboratory mice and this virus has been known to cause various diseases such as subclinical infection, enteritis, hepatitis, and encephalitis. Serological tests are used commonly to diagnose MHV infection. Complete MHV virions have been used primarily as antigens for serological diagnosis to date. To develop an antigen that is more spec...

BACKGROUND Although some serological tests for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii-specific immunoglobulin are commercially available, better diagnostic tools are needed. The aim of present study was to evaluate the usefulness of the recombinant Toxoplasma gondii SAG1 antigen for the recognition of toxoplasmosis by ELISA. METHODS This study was conducted in Cellular and Molecular Biology Resea...

Five Babesia bovis recombinant proteins, including merozoite surface antigen 2c (BbMSA-2c), C-terminal rhoptry-associated protein 1 (BbRAP-1/CT), truncated thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (BbTRAP-T), spherical body protein 1 (BbSBP-1), and spherical body protein 4 (BbSBP-4), were evaluated as diagnostic antigens to detect the infection in cattle. The recombinant proteins were highly an...

mycoplasma genitalium (m.genitalium) is a sexually transmitted pathogen. detection of this microorganism in clinical specimens by culture is rather difficult and time consuming. the aim of this study was to produce polyclonal antibody against a synthetic peptide from p110 protein of m.genitalium in order to develop a diagnostic tool for detection of this microorganism in clinical specimens. a s...

Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the main causes of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) such as  prostatitis and epididymitis in men and cervicitis, endometriosis, vaginitis and ureogenital tract infections in women.  Serological tests with sensitivities related to specific antigens are commonly used as  routine laboratory tests for diagnosis of Chlamydia. In this research the Chlamydia Major O...