نتایج جستجو برای: earth atmosphere
تعداد نتایج: 143613 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The Earth climate is a complex, interactive system, determined by a number of complex connected physical, chemical and biological processes occurring in the atmosphere, land and ocean. The terrestrial biosphere plays many pivotal roles in the coupled Earth system providing both positive and negative feedbacks to climate change (Treut et al., 2007). Terrestrial vegetation via photosynthesis conv...
An analysis is undertaken to reveal the role that various processes in living and nonliving nature play in the establishment of the chemical composition of the atmosphere and the temperature balance of the Earth. An inference is made that the biospheric mechanisms of CO2 removal from the atmosphere are insufficient in the situation of the current anthropogenic impact and the existence of potent...
We use a simple climate model to assess climate sensitivity as temperature response to heat forcing. How wonderful that we have met with a paradox. Now we have some hope of making progress. (Nils Bohr) Some aspects of climate have not been observed to change. (IPCC Summary for Policymakers 2007) 1 IPCC Climate Sensitivity and Global Warming Climate science as presented by IPCC [2] is based on a...
To characterize the spectrum of Earth viewed as an extrasolar planet, we observed the spatially integrated nearinfrared (0.7–2.4 !m) reflection spectrum of Earth via the dark side of the Moon (earthshine). After contributions from the Sun, Moon, and local atmosphere were removed, the resulting spectrum was fitted with a simple model of the reflectivity of Earth. The best model fit is dominated ...
The quest for Earth-like planets is a major focus of current exoplanet research. Although planets that are Earth-sized and smaller have been detected, these planets reside in orbits that are too close to their host star to allow liquid water on their surfaces. We present the detection of Kepler-186f, a 1.11 ± 0.14 Earth-radius planet that is the outermost of five planets, all roughly Earth-size...
We report spectroscopic observations (400−800 nm, R ≈ 100) of Earthshine in June, July and October 2001 from which normalised Earth albedo spectra have been derived. The resulting spectra clearly show the blue colour of the Earth due to Rayleigh diffusion in its atmosphere. They also show the signatures of oxygen, ozone and water vapour. We tried to extract from these spectra the signature of E...
Wind blowing over sand on Earth produces decimeter-wavelength ripples and hundred-meter– to kilometer-wavelength dunes: bedforms of two distinct size modes. Observations from the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover and the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter reveal that Mars hosts a third stable wind-driven bedform, with meter-scale wavelengths. These bedforms are spatially uniform in size and typi...
The production rate is 7.5 kg isotope C-14 yearly. The C-14 concentration stays approximately constant due to rapid mixing of the atmosphere, although the cosmic intensity is higher at the poles due to the deflection of charged cosmic particles along the magnetic field lines of the earth (corresponding to neutron intensities in the ratio 5:1 at the poles and the equator, respectively). Conseque...
With the Cassini-Huygens Mission in orbit around Saturn, the large moon Titan, with its reducing atmosphere, rich organic chemistry, and heterogeneous surface, moves into the astrobiological spotlight. Environmental conditions on Titan and Earth were similar in many respects 4 billion years ago, the approximate time when life originated on Earth. Life may have originated on Titan during its war...
Wind blowing over sand on Earth produces decimeter-wavelength ripples and hundred-meter- to kilometer-wavelength dunes: bedforms of two distinct size modes. Observations from the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover and the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter reveal that Mars hosts a third stable wind-driven bedform, with meter-scale wavelengths. These bedforms are spatially uniform in size and typi...
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