The „wisdom of the crowds‟ effect describes the finding that combining responses across a number of individuals in a group leads to aggregate performance that is as good as or better than the performance of the best individuals in the group. Here, we look at the wisdom of the crowds effect in the Minimum Spanning Tree Problem (MSTP). The MSTP is an optimization problem where observers must conn...

Pedestrian crowds often have been modeled as many-particle systems, usually using computer models known as multiagent simulations. The key challenge in modeling crowds is to develop rules that guide how the particles or agents interact with each other in a way that faithfully reproduces paths and behaviors commonly seen in real human crowds. Here, we propose a simple and intuitive formulation o...

Study of Crowd dynamics has had significant overlaps with models of biological swarms. Understanding and directing human crowds have also been of long-standing interest. In this paper, we describe a few basic cognitive processes that account for life cycle of typical human crowds. Individuals change their behavior with stimulants that attract a crowd. A crowd remains in place and behaves as a c...

In many computational linguistic scenarios, training labels are subjectives making it necessary to acquire the opinions of multiple annotators/experts, which is referred to as ”wisdom of crowds”. In this paper, we propose a new approach for modeling wisdom of crowds based on the Latent Mixture of Discriminative Experts (LMDE) model that can automatically learn the prototypical patterns and hidd...

Wikipedia and open source software projects have been cited as canonical examples of collectively intelligent organizations. Both organizations rely on large crowds of contributors to create knowledge goods. The crowds that emerge in both cases are not flat, but form a core-periphery network in which a few leaders contribute a large portion of the production and coordination work. This paper ex...