No universal strategy exists for humanizing mouse antibodies, and most approaches are based on primary sequence alignment and grafting. Although this strategy theoretically decreases the immunogenicity of mouse antibodies, it neither addresses conformational changes nor steric clashes that arise due to grafting of human germline frameworks to accommodate mouse CDR regions. To address these issu...

Previous rotamer libraries showed little significant clustering for asparagine chi2 or glutamine chi3 values, but none of those studies corrected amide orientations or omitted disordered side chains. The current survey used 240 proteins at /=0.4 A). All H atoms were added and optimized, and amide orientat...

BACKGROUND Although childhood hyperactivity is a common, serious, and treatable disorder, most affected children in Britain do not receive effective treatment. AIM To investigate the views that parents and GPs hold about hyperactivity, and to explore how far these views, and clashes between these views, influence access to services. METHOD Qualitative study making use of semi-structured int...

A numerical algorithm for effective incorporation of parametric uncertainty into mathematical models is presented. The uncertain parameters are modeled as random variables, and the governing equations are treated as stochastic. The solutions, or quantities of interests, are expressed as convergent series of orthogonal polynomial expansions in terms of the input random parameters. A high-order s...

Introduction For many ESL learners, English prepositions pose a perennial problem, partly because the same lexical item -e.g., the word over -can have a variety of functions (as preposition, noun, adverb, adjective and particle (in verb+particle constructions)) and meanings, and partly because of its diversity in collocational properties. With no generalizations emerging, a common learning stra...

A text partition model is proposed to determine the boundaries of discourse structures. It is based on association of noun-noun relations and noun-verb relations defined on discourse level and sentence level. Three factors are considered: 1) repetition of words, 2) importance of words, and 3) collocational semantics. Ten texts serve as experimental objects. The applications of the results to se...

The ACRONYM Project began in April 1994, funded by the British government and industry for three years. It is a collaborative project, its partners being the University of Liverpool, FT Info (the archiving branch of the Financial Times), and the Press Association (a news agency supplying news to the regional press). The project has as its objective the development of an automated system for ide...