The clay and non-clay minerals have been identified by XRD analysis. The non-clay minerals include quartz, crystobalite, orthoclase, microcline, plagioclase, calcite, siderite and dolomite, and the clay minerals include kaolinite (52.39%), illite (36.39%) and illite-smectite mixed layer minerals (11.21%). Kaolinite is the most dominant component in the clay mineral assemblages. The clay mineral...

High density polyethylene (HDPE)/bamboo composites with different nanoclay and maleated polyethylene (MAPE) contents were fabricated by melt compounding. The compounding characteristics, clay dispersion, HDPE crystallization, and mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The equilibrium torque during compounding decreased with use of clay masterbatch and increased with the addition ...

Column experiments were conducted to study chemical factors that influence the release of clay (kaolinite and quartz minerals) from saturated Ottawa sand of different sizes (710,360, and 240 microm). A relatively minor enhancement of clay release occurred when the pH was increased (5.8 to 10) or the ionic strength (IS) was decreased to deionized (DI) water. In contrast, clay release was dramati...

19 Clay-polymer composites were designed for use in filtration processes for disinfection 20 during the course of water purification. The composites were formed by sorption of 21 polymers based on starch modified with quaternary ammonium ethers onto the 22 negatively charged clay mineral bentonite. The performance of the clay-polymer 23 complexes in removal of bacteria was strongly dependent on...

SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE PROCESSING OF NANO CLAYS ANDPOLYMER/CLAY NANOCOMPOSITESbyMIHAI MANITIUAugust 2010Advisor: Rangaramanujam KannanCo-Advisor: Esin GulariMajor: Chemical EngineeringDegree: Doctor of Philosophy Effective dispersion of the fillers in a polymer matrix and improvement of polymer clayinteractions are two key challenges in the field of...

Preparation of a novel organically modified clay from spent oil base drilling mud (SOBM) that could serve as core-shell clay filler for polymers is herein reported. Due to the hydrophilic nature of clay, its compatibility with polymer matrix was made possible through modification of the surface of the core clay sample with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APTES) compound prior to its use. Fourie...

The segmental dynamics of rigid, intermediate, and mobile molecular components in carboxyl terminated polybutadiene (CTPB)/ organo−clay (C18−clay) systems was characterized by fully refocused H NMR FID. In addition, H DQ NMR experiments allowed semiquantitative monitoring of changes in segmental dynamics near the interface. Both methods suggest a critical concentration of 60 wt % CTPB, indicati...

Predicting soil phosphorus (P) needs and P fertilizer requirements is important for plant nutrition and reducing environmental risk. The P requirement (PR) can be calculated from three components: the current status of soil P (P0), soil P buffer coefficient (PBC), and the soil P critical level (PCL). The PBC and PCL can be predicted from soil clay content using linear-plateau models. The PR, PB...

ABS~CT Particle-size analyses of brickearth and Clay-with-flints from Kent, England, are presented. A calcareous sample of brickearth is comparable to loess. In th~ clay fraction, there is more illite (or glauconite) than kaolin; and there is some chlorite. The clay fraction of the Clay-withflints consists of smectite, illite and quartz and is probably derived directly from the Chalk. Black san...

Clay, as a rock term, describes a soft, loose, earthy material containing particles with an average grain size of less than than 0.004 mm (4 mm) in the Wentworth grain size scale and less than 0.002 mm (2 mm) in most soil investigations. Clay is composed mostly of clay minerals, but may also contain quartz, feldspar, carbonates, ferruginous material, and other non-clay materials. All clays, apa...