Abstract Background Headache is the most common pain disorder , affecting around 66% of global population. This study aimed to investigate efficacy high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in treating patients with primary chronic daily headaches (chronic tension-type headache and migraine). Methods Twenty-seven participated study, divided into 2 groups: a group (16 pa...

Chronification of migraine headache is one of the major issues to resolve urgently. The prevalence of chronic migraine is close to 2％, and the chronification occurs in approximately 2.5％ of episodic cases annually.The pathophysiology of transformation from episodic to chronic migraine is still unclear. It is considered that there are several risk factors for migraine chronification; 1) non-modi...

Background: The migraine-specific monoclonal antibody Erenumab targeting the calcitonin gene related peptide receptor is an effective and well tolerated preventive treatment of episodic chronic migraine. However, its price limits use as a first line therapy against Therefore, identifying patients who will adequately respond to such paramount. Methods: In this retrospective, real-life cohort stu...

BACKGROUND Migraine is a highly prevalent chronic disorder associated with significant morbidity. Chronic daily headache syndromes, while less common, are less likely to be recognized, and impair quality of life to an even greater extent than episodic migraine. A variety of screening and diagnostic tools for migraine have been proposed and studied. Few investigators have developed and evaluated...