We have begun a collaborative investigation of the response of candidate first-wall inertial fusion energy (IFE) reactor chamber drywall materials to X-rays on the Z facility, and to ions on RHEPP-1, both located at Sandia National Laboratories. Dose levels are comparable to those anticipated in future direct-drive reactors. Due to the 5 /10 Hz repetition rate expected in such reactors, per-pul...

Introduction: The ablation technique is one of the important therapeutic interventions for treatment of AV Nodal tachyarrhythmia. Different animal models have been developed to study the effects of ablation on the functional interanodal structure. The aim of the present study was to develop a new model of computer analysis to produce lesions by using direct voltage in isolated perfused rabbi...

Background: Local ablative treatments play an important role for patients who cannot be treated surgically. Radiofrequency ablation is a well-established alternative to surgical treatment of thyroid nodules, however it also has disadvantages. Microwave ablation (MWA) is a new minimally invasive treatment promising several improvements. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the eff...

Wood modifications are becoming popular as a way to enhance the performance of wood, either make it more durable, improve or give new functionality multifunctional smart material. While wood have been examined since early 1900s, topic has become dominant area study in science over past decade. This review summarizes recent advances and provides future perspective on selection modifications, i.e...

Ice types, albedos and impurity content are characterized for the ablation zone of the Greenland ice sheet in Kronprinz Christians Land (808N, 248W). Along this ice margin the width of the ablation zone is only about 8 km. The emergence and melting of old ice in the ablation zone creates a surface layer of dust that was originally deposited with snowfall high on the ice sheet. This debris cover...

The optical emission from electronically excited C species in the ablation plume following the short ns and ultrashort fs UV pulsed laser ablation of graphite is studied. Wavelength, time and spatially resolved imaging of the plume, in background pressures of inert gases such as argon and helium, is performed. Analysis of images of optical emission from C+* ions and C2 * radicals, yielded estim...

Laser micromachining of dielectrics and metals is a versatile fabrication and repair tool for applications in micro-fluidics, microelectronics and MEMS. Issues such as ablation threshold, ablation rate, incubation of damage at subthreshold fluences, edge resolution, debris creation and residual substrate damage are all important in determining the suitability of this technique for these applica...

To date, lasers have not succeeded in replacing mechanical tools in many hard tissue applications. Slow material removal rates and unacceptable collateral damage has prevented such a successful transition. Ultrashort pulses (<10 ps) have been shown to generate little thermal or mechanical damage. Recent developments now enable such short-pulse/high-energy laser systems to operate at high pulse ...

BACKGROUND Despite technical refinements and improved long-term efficacy of the ablation procedure for treating AFL (AFL), the subsequent occurrence of AF (AF) following this procedure remains a significant clinical problem. OBJECTIVES To determine long-term incidence and predictors of AF after catheter ablation of typical AFL. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between March 2005 and February 2010, a to...