within the past few years, neat scheme has been overturned by the discovery that rna can act as an enzyme. what does the starting finding of rna enzymes imply? thre first implication is that one can no longer assume a protein lies behind every catalytic activity of the cell. it now appears that several of the operations that tailor an ran molecule into its final form are at least in part cataly...

The catalytic mechanisms employed by RNA are chemically more diverse than initially suspected. Divalent metal ions, nucleobases, ribosyl hydroxyl groups, and even functional groups on metabolic cofactors all contribute to the various strategies employed by RNA enzymes. This catalytic breadth raises intriguing evolutionary questions about how RNA lost its biological role in some cases, but not i...

Enzymes as drugs have two important features that distinguish them from all other types of drugs. First, enzymes often bind and act on their targets with great affinity and specificity. Second, enzymes are catalytic and convert multiple target molecules to the desired products. These two features make enzymes specific and potent drugs that can accomplish therapeutic biochemistry in the body tha...

MOTIVATION The identification of catalytic residues is a key step in understanding the function of enzymes. While a variety of computational methods have been developed for this task, accuracies have remained fairly low. The best existing method exploits information from sequence and structure to achieve a precision (the fraction of predicted catalytic residues that are catalytic) of 18.5% at a...

The study on physicochemical properties of maltodextrin-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles was carried out. surface structure and CeO 2 were investigated. ability to perform the functions catalase peroxidase enzymes, as well inactivate hydroxyl radicals shown. Keywords: nanoparticles, oxide, catalytic activity, antioxidant activity.

Abstract. Replacement of organic solvents, in particular chlorinated, aromatic, and polar aprotic ones is an emerging issue that can find a solution the development catalytic reactions water. Nature performs multitude chemical transformations water under mild conditions mediated by enzymes. In nanoconfinement effects enzymes ensure high activity impressive stereoselectivities. Micellar catalysi...

A large number of I4kDa secreted phospholipases A, (sPLA,) have now been identified from venom and mammalian sources. Where solved, these enzymes show similar crystal structures including an active site containing a catalytic dyad of aspartic acid and histidine. In contrast to many lipases and serine proteases, a reactive serine is not utilised as part of the reaction mechanism and an acyl-enzy...

The crystal structure of the bacterial nitric oxide reductase (cNOR) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa is reported. Its overall structure is similar to those of the main subunit of aerobic and micro-aerobic cytochrome oxidases (COXs), in agreement with the hypothesis that all these enzymes are members of the haem-copper oxidase superfamily. However, substantial structural differences between cNOR and...