PURPOSE To investigate the usefulness of second-order multifocal electroretinograms (MERGs) for detecting inner retinal disorders. METHODS The MERG from 5 patients with branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) was recorded. Twelve eyes of 12 normal subjects were also tested. MERGs were recorded using 61 hexagons. Bright flash ERGs were also recorded to measure the oscillatory potentials (OP). R...

A 22-year-old man complained of low visual acuity and pain in his left eye for five days. His ophthalmological examination revealed 2+ anterior chamber reaction and a white, poorly defined retinal lesion at the proximal portion of the inferotemporal vascular arcade. There were retinal hemorrhages in the inferotemporal region extending to the retinal periphery. In addition, venous dilation, incr...

A 70 year old male was diagnosed with carotid stenosis and underwent carotid artery stenting (CAS). Severe postoperative complications arose subsequent to the procedure, including decreased visual acuity and symptoms of a visual field defect, and the patient was eventually diagnosed with retinal artery embolism. CAS reduces carotid plaque; however, the subsequent shedding of carotid plaque may ...

Purpose We investigated the pathophysiology of branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) by evaluating the retina, brain, and carotid artery in patients with BRAO. Methods This study was a retrospective registry study. We used 46 eyes from 46 patients with acute BRAO and evaluated the medical history, including previous cardiovascular disease, and compared brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) a...

PURPOSE Branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO), while not uncommon in elderly patient populations, is rare in children and adolescents. We report a case of a BRAO secondary to toxoplasmosis in this demographic. CASE A previously healthy 17-year-old male developed a unilateral BRAO in conjunction with inflammation and increased intraocular pressure. Family history was positive for cerebrovascu...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to report the clinical features and visual outcome of branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) associated with posterior uveitis. This is a retrospective study including the 18 eyes of 18 patients. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmic evaluation. Fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and visual field testing were performed in all cases. RES...

We describe a patient with Susac's syndrome presenting with the triad of encephalopathy, branch retinal artery occlusion and hearing loss. MRI has some characteristic features and can be helpful in establishing the diagnosis, particularly in an early stage before the classic triad is complete. Besides MRI often allows to differentiate this rare disorder from more common neurologic diseases like...