During studies on the metabolism of aspartic acid in Escherichia coli it became evident that cells harvested from a complex medium rapidly lost activity and that the lost activity could be restored by the addition of a mixture of the known members of the vitamin B complex. By restricting the conditions of measurement the active agent among these vitamins proved to be biotin, and by separating t...

Biotin molecules could be used as suitable targeting moieties in targeted drug delivery systems against tumors. To develop a biotin targeted drug delivery system, we employed human serum albumin (HSA) as a carrier. Methotrexate (MTX) molecules were conjugated to HSA. MTX-HSA nanoparticles (MTX-HSA NPs) were prepared from these conjugates by cross-linking the HSA molecules. Biotin molecules were...

Biotin is a B-complex vitamin that is essential for cattle. However, for several decades very little research was published on the effects of biotin in cattle. This lack of interest was probably caused by the inability to produce clinical biotin deficiencies in functioning ruminants and by the consensus that adequate biotin was in normal feedstuffs or was synthesized by bacteria in the rumen an...

1. Three experiments were conducted to investigate the relationships between blood pyruvate carboxylase (pyruvate: carbon dioxide ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.4.1.1; PC) activity, growth performance and dietary biotin level in broilers under different husbandry conditions. Blood PC activity was also used to gain information on the ingestion of biotin faecal origin by birds housed on wood shavings...

Bakers' yeast is auxotrophic for biotin (vitamin H) and depends on the efficient uptake of this compound from the environment. A mutant strain with strongly reduced biotin uptake and with reduced levels of protein biotinylation was identified. The strain was auxotrophic for long-chain fatty acids, and this auxotrophy could be suppressed with high levels of biotin in the medium. After transforma...

Ever since the identification of biotin with the curative factor (vitamin H) for egg white injury (1, 2), investigators have concerned themselves with the mode and mechanism of action of this vitamin. With the use of both microbiological techniques and animal experiments, early investigators recognized various biochemical roles for biotin, especially as a key component in the metabolism of COZ,...

Biotin deficiency produced by a synthetic biotin-deficient diet was as effective in decreasing the resistance of chickens to infection with Plasmodium lophurae as biotin deficiency produced by a diet high in egg white. In moderately biotin-deficient ducks Plasmodium cathemerium at first multiplied more slowly than in adequately fed controls. The parasitemia in the deficient animals later overto...

The objective of this 49-d experiment was to test effects of cecal oxytetracycline (OTC) infusion, and dietary avidin and biotin supplementation on the biotin status of nongravid gilts. Twenty-eight crossbred gilts with an initial age of 160 d and BW of 120 kg were surgically fitted with a T-cannula in the terminal ileum, a cecal fistula, and an indwelling catheter in the anterior vena cava, an...

A number of endogenously biotinylated proteins are found in both cytosol and mitochondria of mammalian cells from many tissues, including liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, and intestine. Therefore, caution should be taken when using the biotin detection system. Endogenous biotin can interfere with staining systems that employ the use of biotin-avidin- or biotin-streptavidin-based detection syste...