The effects of maternal deprivation on the somatotrophic axis and neuropeptide Y (NPY) neuronal system in the hypothalamus of female lambs were evaluated. Twelve-week-old lambs were divided into two groups: the control (lambs stayed with mothers) and maternally deprived (MD; lambs separated for 3 days from mothers). The expression of immunoreactive (ir) somatostatin in the neurons of the perive...

The vast majority of the >100 modifier genes of position-effect variegation (PEV) in Drosophila have been identified genetically as haplo-insufficient loci. Here, we describe pitkin(Dominant) (ptn(D)), a gain-of-function enhancer mutation of PEV. Its exceptionally strong enhancer effect is evident as elevated spreading of heterochromatin-induced gene silencing along euchromatic regions in varie...

The next ten years promise to be a particularly exciting decade for high energy neutrino astrophysics. The frontier of TeV and PeV energies is presently being tackled by large, expandable arrays constructed in open water or ice. Detectors tailored to record acoustic, radio, fluorescence or air shower signatures from neutrino interactions at PeV – EeV energy are being designed in parallel. Durin...

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc42p functions as a GTPase molecular switch, activating multiple signaling pathways required to regulate cell cycle progression and the actin cytoskeleton. Regulatory proteins control its GTP binding and hydrolysis and its subcellular localization, ensuring that Cdc42p is appropriately activated and localized at sites of polarized growth during the cell cycle. One of ...

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines effectively protect against new infections of up to four HPV subtypes. However, these vaccines are not protective against many other clinically relevant HPV subtypes and are ineffective at treating established HPV infections. There is therefore a significant need for antiviral treatments for persistent HPV infections. A promising anti-HPV drug target is t...

Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) is widely used to detect protein-protein interactions, because it is technically simple, convenient, and can be adapted for use with conventional fluorescence microscopy. We previously constructed enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP)-based Gateway cloning technology-compatible vectors. In the current study, we generated new Gateway cloning t...

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) protein ICP27 has many important functions during infection that are achieved through interactions with a number of cellular proteins. In its role as a viral RNA export protein, ICP27 interacts with TAP/NXF1, the cellular mRNA export receptor, and both the N and C termini of ICP27 must be intact for this interaction to take place. Here we show by bimolecular ...

Kilometer-scale deep under-ice or -water Cherenkov neutrino detectors may detect muon and electron neutrinos from astrophysical sources at energies of a TeV and above. Tau neutrinos are also expected from these sources due to neutrino flavor oscillations in vacuum, and tau neutrinos are free of atmospheric background at a much lower energy than muon and electron neutrinos. Identification of tau...

is a nearly ubiquitous feature of the eukaryotic chromosome. Although heterochromatin is not cytologically visIt is now widely recognized that heritable changes in gene ible in yeast, gene silencing phenomena with features expression can occur without accompanying changes similar to heterochromatin-induced gene inactivation in inDNA sequence. The discovery of position–effect varieDrosophila are...

The discovery of diffuse sub-PeV gamma-rays by the Tibet AS$_\gamma$ Collaboration promises to revolutionize our understanding high-energy astrophysical universe. It has been shown that these data broadly agree with prior theoretical expectations. We study impact this on a well-motivated new physics scenario: PeV-scale decaying dark matter (DM). Considering wide range final states in DM decay, ...