Although the effects of nutrient enrichment on consumer-resource dynamics are relatively well studied in ecosystems based on living plants, little is known about the manner in which enrichment influences the dynamics and productivity of consumers and resources in detritus-based ecosystems. Because nutrients can stimulate loss of carbon at the base of detrital food webs, effects on higher consum...

We developed and evaluated empirical models to predict biological condition of wadeable streams in a large portion of the eastern USA, with the ultimate goal of prediction for unsampled basins. Previous work had classified (i.e., altered vs. unaltered) the biological condition of 920 streams based on a biological assessment of macroinvertebrate assemblages. Predictor variables were limited to w...

The initial and basic role of the chase procedure was to test logical implication between sets ofdependencies in order to determine equivalence of database instances known to satisfy a givenset of dependencies and to determine query equivalence under database constrains. Recently thechase procedure has experienced a revival due to its application in data exchange. In this chapter<lb...

Four nutrient enrichment bioassay experiments were conducted in Sycamore Creek, Arizona, during summer and autumn 1983. In two experiments, nitrogen and phosphorus were added alone and in combination while in the other experiments nitrogen was added singly. In experiments involving enrichment of both nutrient-diffusing substrates (clay flowerpots) and streamwater overlying tileigravel artificia...

Plasmaspheric refilling on an L = 4 flux tube was studied by using a time-dePendent, hydrodynamic plasmaspheric flow model in which the ion streams from the tWO hemispheres are treated as distinct fluids. In the model the continuity, momentum, and energy equations of a twoion (O + and H+), quasi-neu.tral, currentless plasma are solved along aclosed geomagnetic field line; diffusive quilibrium i...

This paper first describes how to process SoC (State of Charge) streams made up of temporal and spatial stamps, altitude, SoC reading, velocity, and the like. Collected by a probe vehicle on the same road in Jeju city, Republic of Korea, multiple times, each stream has its own initial SoC and speed. The driving distance is calculated by adding up the line segment connecting two consecutive sens...

Prosody facilitates perceptual segmentation of the speech stream into a sequence of words and phrases. With regard to speech timing, vowel lengthening is well established as a cue to an upcoming boundary, but listeners' exploitation of consonant lengthening for segmentation has not been systematically tested in the absence of other boundary cues. In a series of artificial language learning expe...

Inland waters play a critical role in the carbon cycle by emitting significant amounts of land-exported to atmosphere. While gas emissions from individual aquatic systems have been extensively studied, how networks connected streams and lakes regulate integrated fluxes organic inorganic forms remain poorly understood. Here, we develop process-based model simulate fate terrestrial dissolved (DOC...

Data stream classification is one of the most vital areas contemporary machine learning, as many real-life problems generate data continuously and in large volumes. However, research this area focuses on vector-based representations, which are unsuitable for capturing properties more complex multi-dimensional structures, such images video sequences. In paper, we propose a novel methodology lear...

water quality is a serious issue in tropical grasslands that must be addressed to ensure the continuity and sustainability of water resources. this study aimed to assess the stream water quality of tropical grassland under long-term moderate (2.7 animal unit ha-1 y-1 for 34 years) and short-term heavy (5 animal unit ha-1 y-1 for 2 years) grazing systems at catchment and farm scales in kuala lum...