We have entered a new era in which antiretroviral agents have been demonstrated to be highly effective in preventing HIV-1 infection, especially in serodiscordant couples. The HPTN-052 randomized, controlled trial (RCT) of early versus delayed antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the HIV-1-infected persons in sexual partnerships with HIV-negative persons demonstrated at least a 96% reduction in HIV...

During human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) virion maturation, capsid proteins undergo a major rearrangement to form a conical core that protects the viral nucleoprotein complexes. Mutations in the capsid sequence that alter the stability of the capsid core are deleterious to viral infectivity and replication. Recently, capsid assembly has become an attractive target for the development ...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antiretroviral agents and effective HIV care management transformed HIV disease from a death sentence to a chronic condition for many in the United States. A comprehensive HIV care model was developed to meet the complex needs of HIV patients, with support from the Ryan White program, the Veterans Administration, and others. This paper identifies the essential...

The ability to dose antiretroviral agents once daily simplifies the often complex therapeutic regimens required for the successful treatment of HIV infection. Thus, once-daily dosing can lead to improved patient adherence to medication and, consequently, sustained virological suppression and reduction in the risk of emergence of drug resistance. Several trials have evaluated once-daily darunavi...

Introduction With the advent of widely available HIV testing and the introduction of antiretroviral agents, life expectancy of HIV infected patients has increased. Historically patients with HIV requiring ITU admission had a poor outcome, with mortality up to 70% however in recent years ITU mortality rates have fallen ([1]). An aging population presenting with both HIV complications and non-HIV...

BACKGROUND Fuzeon (enfuvirtide) (ENF) is the first drug among the HIV fusion inhibitors that has shown high efficacy in HIV-1/AIDS patients resistant to conventional antiretroviral agents. PURPOSE To analyze the cost-effectiveness of ENF plus optimized therapy (OT) in HIV patients. METHOD A Markov model was used to calculate the cost-effectiveness of ENF in terms of incremental cost per lif...

Seventy percent of the AIDS patients have neurological complications. Seizures are one of the complications and can occur at any stage. Seizures can be life-threatening and treatment with anticonvulsants is warranted. The therapeutic dilemma occurs in this case because of the interactions between the anticonvulsants, especially the first generation anticonvulsants, with antiretroviral agents re...

human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is the major problem in the world. nowadays, new anti-retroviral drugs are extracted from medicinal plants, make an important role to supersede synthetic drugs with different side effects. in this study, we studied the salix aegyptiaca l extract, iranian herb, as an anti-hiv drug with anti-retroviral effects. we used a single cycle replicable (scr) h...

Due to their high frequency of genomic mutations, human retroviruses often develop resistance to antiretroviral drugs. The emergence of drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a significant obstacle to the effective long-term treatment of HIV infection. The development of a rapid and versatile drug-susceptibility assay would enable acquisition of phenotypic information and...

The objective of the study was to describe adverse events detected clinically or in the laboratory that were secondary to the use of antiretroviral agents among individuals undergoing antiretroviral prophylaxis. Evaluations were performed on 37 teaching hospital employees who underwent prophylaxis using four regimens of antiretroviral medication following occupational exposition to contaminated...