Achlya, like other tip-growing organisms, generates an endogenous electrical current such that positive charge flows into the hyphal apex and exits from the trunk. The present study is concerned with the mechanism of current generation by hyphae growing in a defined, complete medium. The intensity of the current, measured in the extracellular medium with a vibrating probe, was unaffected by the...

A method was developed for making viable counts of Campylobacter fetus (Vibrio fetus) in tube cultures using a medium containing alkaline hematin and incubation in a carbon dioxide incubator.

Cell suspensions of Micrococcus sodonensis (ATCC 11880) secrete 7 to 10 individual proteins including an alkaline phosphatase, a nuclease, and a protease. The appearance of enzyme activities in the extracellular medium is dependent on the co-secretion of at least one of several polysaccharides also elaborated by these cells. This conclusion is based on the following observations: (a) bacitracin...

Protease production by alkalophilic B. licheniformis N-2 was investigated in 50 mL of the growth medium consisting of (in g/L): glucose 10.0, soybean meal 10.0, K2HPO4 3.0, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5, NaCl 0.5 and CaCl2·2H2O 0.5 at pH=10. Different carbon and nitrogen sources in the form of fine powder of organic, inorganic and defatted meals were studied to select the suitable substrate for alkaline prote...

Iron affects yields of toxin A, alkaline protease, elastase, pyochelin, and pyoverdin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mutants of P. aeruginosa PAO1 resistant to the effect of iron on toxin (toxC) or elastase (elaC) yields were isolated. Two types of mutants were isolated: iron transport and iron regulatory mutants. The toxC regulatory mutants produced toxin A in medium containing iron; however, yiel...

PURPOSE To evaluate the role of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) on the induced osteogenic differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts. METHODS We performed four groups with cultured dermal fibroblasts according to the culture medium: CONTROL (DMEM culture medium); TGF-β1 (DMEM culture medium with 10 ng/ml of TGF-β1); OSTEOG (DMEM culture medium with 0.5 µg/ml of ascorbic acid, 10 m...

Under conditions that permitted continued protein synthesis, spheroplasts of Escherichia coli were unable to form active alkaline phosphatase, although they synthesized protein that was antigenically related to alkaline phosphatase subunits. This cross-reacting protein was primarily detected in the medium of the spheroplast culture, and it had properties that closely resembled those of the alka...

BACKGROUND Alkaline α-amylases have potential applications for hydrolyzing starch under high pH conditions in the starch and textile industries and as ingredients in detergents for automatic dishwashers and laundries. While the alkaline α-amylase gains increased industrial interest, the yield of alkaline α-amylases from wild-type microbes is low, and the combination of genetic engineering and p...

Proteases are important industrial enzymes used in different areas of industry, mainly detergent, food and leather industries. In this study, novel alkaline protease-producing bacterium was isolated from Geinarje hot spring and examined for maximum protease activity to be utilized in washing-powder. The isolated bacterium was cultured in mineral salt medium including 2% Skim Milk. Proteolytic a...

starting from 2-(2-pyridyl) imidazole a series of substituted imidazoles (2-5) were prepared. from the reaction of 2-(3-pyridyl) -4-(or 5) nitroimidazole (15) with dimethyl sulfate in alkaline medium 1-methyl-2-(3- pyridy1)-4-nitroimidazole (6,)w as prepared. reaction of compound 15 with diazomethane gave i-methyl-2-(3-pyridy1)-5- nitroimidazol(e7 ) in addition to 6. the antibacterial and antif...