God does not play dice. He flips coins instead.” And though for some reason He has denied us quantum bit commitment. And though for some reason he has even denied us strong coin flipping. He has, in His infinite mercy, granted us quantum weak coin flipping so that we too may flip coins. Instructions for the flipping of coins are contained herein. But be warned! Only those who have mastered Kita...

We begin by examining balanced vs. unbalanced coins, where the coins stand for statistical assumptions. Assume we have two coins, a balanced coin r with distribution r0 = 1 2 and r1 = 1 2 , and an unbalanced coin p with distribution p1 = 1 2 + and p0 = 1 2 − . This scenario is equivalent to the inspection of a given assumption, trying to figure out whether it is random or better than random. We...

We describe the application of synchrotron X-ray diffraction and neutron micro-tomography to three ancient bronze coins from the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Key questions are whether neutron tomography can contribute to the reading of features on corroded coins by allowing the corrosion crust to be stripped away in cyber-space using surface and volume rendering techniques, and to what extent...

There is a table with four coins in the positions north, east, south and west, and the player’s goal is to get them all in the same orientation, i.e. all heads or all tails. The player never sees the coins but will be informed as soon as he has reached his goal. A move consists of the player mentioning one or more positions in which the coins will then be turned over; the complication is that, ...

We propose a non-divisible electronic cash system that combines the restrictive blind signature technique and a batch signature scheme based upon the binary tree structure. Contemporary electronic cash solutions rely on the divisibility paradigm to achieve significant computational savings, and such techniques are considered to be the most efficient. We demonstrate an alternative approach that ...

An off-line electronic cash scheme is proposed that is suitable for small payments. The approach is innovative, in that each coin may be efficiently verified by the same or different merchants during payment. The scheme relies on a batch signature technique to efficiently sign and verify individually spent coins; coins may also be deposited in batch manner. The scheme outlined differs considera...

Energy dispersive X-ray Fluorescence technique has been used to study five rupee indian coins of years 1992,1993,1994,1999,2009,2010,2011 and 2012 for their material/ elemental compositions. EDX-720 spectrometer provided with X-ray tube and Si(Li) detector having energy resolution 165 eV at 5.9KeV Mn K X-ray. Different metal compositions like Cupro-Nickel, NickelBrass and Ferritic Stainless-Ste...

The competency to detect and to recognize the different denomination of coins is an essential expertise in the human beings life. This paper represents different algorithms for the detection and the recognition of coins which are highly overlapped. The proposed system includes three principal steps detection, extraction and recognition. This system is efficient in detecting and recognizing the ...

In this paper we describe the pattern recognition methods used for the identification of coins in the new coin recognition and sorting system Dagobert developed at the ARC Seibersdorf research centre. The purpose of Dagobert is to sort high volumes of coins. In particular the coin detection task, the features used to pre-select meaningful potential master coins for the verification process and ...