objective: high prevalence of tobacco consumption in childbearing ages is an important topic of consideration as its ill effects have influences on fertility. worldwide studies have shown that general knowledge on fertility issues is low. aim of the current study was to assess tobacco harm knowledge and attitude in infertile couples referring to the avicenna center. materials and methods: this ...

background: the successfulness of the health authorities in the country to cover the vaccination to infant is subject to administrative plan, control and providing facilities to carry out this matter. without knowledge of people, especially, women, it is not possible to determine the women knowledge about infants' vaccination. the present study was carried out to determine the rate of women's k...

Fear of crime is a very prevalent issue today. It challenges the safety of cities. For this reason it has gained considerable attention among the sociologists and criminologists over the last 20 years. Whilst men experiencing relatively high rates of violence, they report their fear of crime less than women. In the contrary women have a much greater fear of crime than men, but are victimized le...

Background & objectives: Hospital wastes can be categorized as hazardous wastes due to their risks to the environment and human. Considering the fact that the hospital staff are in direct contact with biomedical wastes, their knowledge and safe operation are important in waste management. The aim of this study was to determine the status of knowledge, attitude and practice of healthcare staff o...

Urinary incontinence (UI) is highly prevalent crossculturally and also a costly chronic condition (1), with high prevalence among postmenopausal women (2). International Continence Society defined UI as any complaint about involuntary urine leakage (3). UI significantly affects patients (4); avoiding its treatment might have physical, psychosocial, and economic consequences (5), and finally dec...