In order to investigate the effect of different levels of rapeseed meal on performance and content of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in broiler chickens’ blood, 640 1-d-old Ross male broiler chickens were studied through a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement including 4 levels of rapeseed meal (RSM) (0, 5, 10 and 15 percent) and two levels of enzyme (0 and 0...

This study was carried out to determine the effects of Immunogen as a prebiotic on growth-related parameters and gut micro-flora in R. kutum fry. A basal diet was formulated using common feed ingredients supplemented with Immunogen at 0, 1, 1.5, and 2 g kg-1 leading to four experimental diets.  Fish were randomly distributed in 500 L fiberglass tanks (1×1×0.5 m). The experiment lasted for eight ...

to evaluate antioxidant effects of tomato pomace in broiler diets contained full-fat linseed on the production index, energy and protein efficiency, 396 one-day old ross 308 broilers were randomly allocated to 36 cages for nine dietary treatments with four replicate. this experiment were carried out in a completely randomized design with 3*3 factorial arrangement with three levels of full-fat l...

The feed resource for animals is a major cost determinant for profitability in livestock production enterprises, and thus any effort at improving the efficiency of feed use will help to reduce feed cost. Feed conversion ratio, expressed as feed inputs per unit output, is a traditional measure of efficiency that has significant phenotypic and genetic correlations with feed intake and growth trai...

background: use of synbiotic and zinc sources had synergetic effects on broiler chickens performance and immune response improvements. objectives: this experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of synbiotic and zinc sources on broiler chickens performance, immune response and gut morphology. methods: a total of 780, one-day old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned in factorial met...

One hundred twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats, averaging 108.6 g initial body weight, were used in two feeding experiments to evaluate the utilization of Cu in Cu proteinate, Cu lysine, and cupric sulfate. In Exp. 1, 60 rats were randomly assigned to 12 treatments in a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments, with Zn supplementation at 0 or 1000 mg/kg diet, Cu supplementation at 5 or 15 mg/...

an 84-day feeding trial was carried out onfingerling (4.44 ± 0.06 g) rainbow trout (oncorhynchusmykiss, walbaum, 1792) to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with a commercial prebiotic grobiotic®-a (g-a) on the growth, feed efficiency, haematology and immunlogical parameters. ttreatments containing various inclusions of g-a (0 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 %, 2.0 %, 2.5 %, and 3.0 %) were ad...

Problem statement: Endogenous enzymes of broilers cannot adequately digest nonstarch polysaccharides and subsequently the ingestion of high levels of soluble NSP leads to increased digesta viscosity and reduced nutrient digestibility and absorption. Supplementation of NSPs degrading enzymes may remove the anti nutritive effects of NSPs and release some nutrients (starch, protein) from these ele...