the body, inhibition of PDE-5 increases cGMP levels, reduces intracellular calcium (Ca 2+) and induces vasodilation. The drugs possess identical mechanisms of action, but differ essentially in their duration of action and in some aspects of their pharmacokinetic profiles. Recent clinical studies have shown that the three PDE-5 inhibitors are effective and relatively safe, and that they do not i...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors on renal tubular apoptosis and also on expressions of endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthases (eNOS and iNOS) in the ipsilateral kidney after partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (PUUO) in a rat model. Forty Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups. In Groups 1-4, left experimental PUU...

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a major complication after radical prostatectomy (RP); however, debate continues regarding the efficacy of penile rehabilitation in the recovery of the postoperative erectile function (EF). This study included a total of 103 consecutive sexually active Japanese men with localized prostate cancer undergoing nerve-sparing RP, and analyzed the postoperative EF, focusin...

The Erectile Dysfunction Observational Study (EDOS) is a 6-months observational prospective multicentric study enrolling men with erectile dysfunction (ED) who asked, to be started on a treatment or to change a previous treatment. Aims of the study were to analyse the pattern of treatment and compare the efficacy of treatments used. Patients were enrolled during a normal hospital visit and were...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the problem of drug analogue adulteration in male erectile dysfunction health products. DESIGN Survey of over-the-counter male erectile dysfunction health products available in convenience stores and pharmacies in Hong Kong. SETTING Tertiary referral centre for clinical toxicology analysis in Hong Kong. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The pattern and extent of adulteration...

Increased cardiovascular risk has been associated with reduced response to proerectile drugs. The Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine (SIAMS) promoted an independent, multicenter study performed in 604 men (55 ± 12 yrs) suffering from erectile dysfunction (ED) to assess multiple health outcomes and response to 6-month vardenafil challenge in a real-life setting. Overall, 30.8% men ...