screening interval urinalysis has long been considered essential to pediatric health care. a urinalysis is recommended at four times: in infancy, early childhood, late childhood, and in adolescence. several chemical parameters can be measured as commercially available in dipstick test. this test is relatively inexpensive and it takes less than 5 minutes to be completed. in a 3 month follow up p...

exposure to mercury (hg) as a heavy metal can cause health effects. the objective of this study was to assess occupational exposure to hg in a chlor-alkali petrochemical industry in iran by determining of hg concentrations in air, blood and urine samples.the study was performed on 50 exposed subjects and 50 unexposed controls. air samples were collected in the breathing zone of exposed subjects...

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar levels that exceed normal limits. The DM pathomechanism involves oxidative stress, which has the potential to cause damage cell components, including Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OhDG) most frequently detected DNA lesion. It water-soluble and excreted in urine. This study aimed co...

OBJECTIVES To compare first catch urine (FCU) and self-collected urinary meatal swabs for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) using the APTIMA Combo 2 assay. METHODS A total of 511 young men from a high risk street youth clinic were studied. Group A (n=293) collected a FCU and a meatal APTIMA swab followed by Group B (n=218) who collected a FCU and two m...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study has been to assess ambient bisphenol A (BPA) levels in workplaces and urine levels of workers and to establish a BPA database for different populations in Malaysia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Urine samples were collected from plastic factory workers and from control subjects after their shift. Air samples were collected using gas analyzers from 5 sampling positi...

Limited data are available on the non-chemical stressors that impact adult exposures to pyrethroid insecticides based on urinary biomonitoring. The urinary metabolite, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), is commonly used to assess human exposure to a number of pyrethroids. In a further analysis of published study data, we quantified urinary 3-PBA levels of 50 adults over a single, 24-h sampling peri...

introduction and objective: zinc as the second trace element of the human body plays an important role in numerous functions. a large number of research studies have showed serum zinc deficiency and excess urinary excretion in patients with major beta thalassemia, but few studies revealed excess urinary zinc excretion in minor beta thalassemia and no study investigated serum zinc levels in this...

The Alcoscan test strip was applied as an assay for the screening of alcohol in vitreous humor and urine samples in autopsy cases and in saliva from drunken drivers. The method gives instant and reliable semi-quantitative information on the presence of alcohol and is valuable when considering the necessity of chemical sampling especially during autopsy.

Drug testing, commonly used in health care, workplace, and criminal settings, has become widespread during the past decade. Urine drug screens have been the most common method for analysis because of ease of sampling. The simplicity of use and access to rapid results have increased demand for and use of immunoassays; however, these assays are not perfect. Falsepositive results of immunoassays c...

Storing and transporting of urine samples for doping analysis, as performed by the anti-doping organizations associated with the World Anti-Doping Agency, does not include a specific protocol for cooled transport from the place of urine sampling to the doping laboratory, although low cost cooling facilities can easily be made available. As a result, microbial and thermal degradation of the chem...