The use of plastic as a pipe material for the transport of gas and water has increased over the last few years, attributed to the significant advantages of this material such as corrosion resistance, strengthto-weight ratio, lightness, flexibility and cost. Consequently, these pipes have a long predicted service life. One of the pipes’ joining processes is electrofusion welding. As for all kind...

In the present study, method of ultrasonic welding of plastics is used to join the overlap of Polypropylene composites reinforced with glass fiber. The effects of process parameters, including time, pressure, vibration amplitude and amount of glass in composite on strength of welds. To reduce the number of tests and cost, the effect of changing parameters on strength was examined through Box-Be...

Understanding the joining process in real time during welding can help improve quality, reliability, and manufacturing efficiency. For this purpose, a laser ultrasonic method that detect situ quality without contact would be useful. However, behaviors of propagation as well melting with increasing temperature remain unclear. Therefore, study aimed to experimentally investigate in-process behavi...

Abstract. The Swedish KBS-3 design for the disposal of spent fuel is based on its encapsulation cast iron cylinders that have an outer 30 – 50 mm thick shield of copper and deposition in crystalline rock embedded in bentonite at a depth of about 500 m. The KBS-3 system is based on a multi barrier system where the canister is the primary barrier. The cast iron insert gives the canister the neces...

Room-temperature welding with gallium is regarded as a new strategy because of the low melting point and its affinity for forming intermetallic compounds other metals. Benefitting from liquid gallium-based solder an ultrasonic drive, establishment Cu/Cu diffusion-bond connections can be quickly completed. The underlying characteristics weld quality room-temperature bonding were preliminarily cl...

Secondary phases, such as laves and carbides, are formed during the final solidification stages of nickel-based superalloy coatings deposited during the gas tungsten arc welding cold wire process. However, when aged at high temperatures, other phases can precipitate in the microstructure, like the γ'' and δ phases. This work presents an evaluation of the powerful optimum path forest (OPF) class...