STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate predeployment sleep duration and insomnia symptoms in relation to the development of mental health symptoms. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING The Millennium Cohort Study survey is administered via a secure website or US mail. PARTICIPANTS Data were from 15,204 participants who completed their first deployment between the submissions of 2 consecutive M...

A high proportion of refugees have been subjected to potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs), including torture. PTEs, and torture in particular, are powerful predictors of mental ill health. This paper reports the development and preliminary validation of a brief refugee trauma checklist applicable for survey studies. METHODS A pool of 232 items was generated based on pre-existing instrumen...

BACKGROUND Several psychological sequelae have been identified in civilian war survivors. However, little is known about the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and their relationship to trauma in this population. METHOD Fifty-one adult civilian survivors of the Kosovo War (28 males) who had immigrated to Switzerland completed the Revised Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Scale, the Post...

Social resources can buffer against psychological distress following potentially traumatic events. Psychological distress can also lead to social resource deterioration. This longitudinal study evaluated whether baseline psychological distress symptoms and changes in these symptoms were associated with changes in social resources 5 months later among 96 adult male (52.6%) and female treatment-s...

Introduction Chronic pain is common after traumatic injury and frequently co-occurs with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and PTSD symptoms (PTSS). Objectives This study sought to understand the association between probable PTSD, PTSS, and pain. Methods Four hundred thirty-three participants were recruited from the Victorian Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes Registry and Victorian State Traum...

BACKGROUND The effects of treatment in trials with trauma-affected refugees vary considerably not only between studies but also between patients within a single study. However, we know little about why some patients benefit more from treatment, as few studies have analysed predictors of treatment outcome. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to examine possible psychosocial predictors of ...

IMPORTANCE Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a pervasive and often debilitating condition that affects many individuals in the general population and military service members. Effective treatments for PTSD are greatly needed for both veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan and veterans of other eras. Prolonged exposure (PE) therapy has been shown to be highly efficacious in clinical ...

This study assessed the longitudinal association between clinician and patient ratings of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms over the course of 2 different randomized clinical trials of veterans with chronic PTSD. One trial, the Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study 420 (CSP 420; N = 360) compared trauma-focused and present-centered group therapies, and the 2nd trial compa...

This study investigates the cumulative effects of lifetime traumatization on dream activities and the extent to which potentially traumatic events, dream variables, and inhibitory functions can predict the severities of psychopathological symptoms. The sample consisted of 564 young adults, whose dream experiences, trauma history, ego functions, and symptom manifestations were assessed using the...