To test the hypothesis that submergence temperature affects the distribution of the lactate load and glycogen utilization during anoxia in turtles, we sampled a variety of tissues after 7 days, 24 h, and 4 h of anoxic submergence at 5, 15, and 25 degrees C, respectively. These anoxic durations were chosen because we found that they produced similar decreases in plasma HCO(3)(-) ( approximately ...

One of the causes of perturbation at vertical intakes is the happening of vortices with an air core. The vortices with an air core occur whenever the submergence of the intake is less than a critical value. Anti-vortex devices and specially plates are used to avoid the negative effects of the air-core vortices. If plates are used, then the geometry of them should be studied experimentally. Acco...

Background and aims Wetland plants inhabit flood-prone areas and therefore can experience episodes of complete submergence. Submergence impedes exchange of O2 and CO2 between leaves and the environment, and light availability is also reduced. The present review examines limitations to underwater net photosynthesis (PN) by terrestrial (i.e. usually emergent) wetland plants, as compared with subm...

Regulation of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) are important for plants in response to submergence. In this study, the difference relation with shoot elongation between Sub1A and non-Sub1A rice genotypes was investigated. Two genotypes, namely Inpari30 (Sub1A genotype) IR72442 (non-Sub1A genotype), were submerged completely 6 days re-aerated by lowering water level up stem base post addition...

R um ex m aritim us L. occurs in fre­ quently flooded sites of lowland flood plains. Upon submergence this species exhibited rapid elongation of shoots, but the response depended upon the developmental stage when flooding was initiated. In the rosette stage, petioles showed a fast and large response; during early stem elonga­ tion the response of petioles was less, but the extension of the lowe...

Satellite transmitters were attached to green turtles Chelonia mydas while they were nesting on Ascension Island in the South Atlantic (7"57'S, 14"22'W) and individuals were subsequently monitored during the inter-nesting period and the post-nesting migration to Brazil. During the inter-nesting period, data from the transmitters suggested that turtles generally stayed within 5 km of the nesting...

A variable pupil generally regulates the amount of incoming light available for image formation on the retina. However, some of the semi-aquatic snakes (North American Gartersnakes, Thamnophis) that forage in relatively low light conditions reduce the pupil aperture in response to submergence underwater at the expense incoming light. Given that these snakes have all-cone retinas, reduction of i...

Two pot and two field experiments were conducted at Patuakhali Science and Technology University research farm to investigate the contribution of tidal submergence to phosphorus nutrition and yield of rice. Pot and field experiments were conducted in the Aus and Aman seasons of 2009, respectively. The factorial experiments include two levels of water sourcei) tidal water and ii) ground water, a...