Countless researchers have put efforts to conduct researchs about the performance of the traditional transport control protocols (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP). Recently new transport protocol had been designed called Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP). In this research, we will focus to study the effect of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) on these two transport protocols SCTP an...

The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a new Internet standards track transport layer protocol. SCTP was designed to transport PSTN signaling messages over IP networks, but SCTP is also capable of serving as a generalized transport protocol. As such, SCTP provides an alternative to the traditional transport protocols, TCP and UDP, that may be better able to satisfy the requirements ...

This paper presents a new Forward Error Correction Scheme with several priority levels. It is useful for applications dealing with real-time transport streams like video and audio. Those streams consist of several data parts with diierent importance. PET allows to protect those parts with appropriate redundancy and thus guarantees, that the more important parts arrive before the less important ...

I applied the fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis technique as a rapid and sensitive estimator of total esterase activity in stream sediment biofilms. I investigated the effects of temperature, pH and incubation time and optimized the assay for low blanks and high fluorescein extraction. The FDA procedure was precise (c.v. = 4.15%) and could detect 10 nM fluorescein. Spatial patterns of este...

The MPEG-4 standard encodes a video stream in 3 different frames, I, P and B, where the P and B frames depend on the I frame. Loosing an I frame is especially bad. In this paper we exploit the Partial Reliability features of the SCTP transport protocol to selectively retransmit I frames in presence of congestion, obtaining a better quality of the decoded stream.

comin the present study, co2 removal from natural gas stream has been studied using a flat sheet membrane contactor. a three dimensional mathematical model is developed to describe the process. the model considers the transport of a gas mixture containing carbon dioxide and methane through a flat sheet membrane contactor module. the model is based on the non-wetted mode of operation, in which t...

This document describes the process of binding/associating IPv4/IPv6 addresses with MPEG-2 Transport Streams (TS). This procedure is known as Address Resolution (AR), or Neighbour Discovery (ND). Such address resolution complements the higher layer resource discovery tools that are used to advertise IP sessions. In MPEG-2 Networks, an IP address must be associated with a Packet ID (PID) value a...

Many applications want to use TCP congestion control to regulate the transmission rate of a data packet stream. A natural way to achieve this goal is to transport the data packet stream on a TCP connection. However, because TCP implements both congestion and error control, transporting a data packet stream directly using a TCP connection forces the data packet stream to be subject to TCP’s othe...

Substantial symplastic continuity appears to exist between companion cells (CCs) and sieve elements of the phloem, which suggests that small solutes within the CC are subject to indiscriminate long-distance transport via the translocation stream. To test this hypothesis, the distributions of exotic and endogenous solutes synthesized in the CCs of minor veins were studied. Octopine, a charged mo...