A population of the gall midge Pumilomyia protrahenda De Stefani, 1919 causing galls on Artemisia arborescens (Asteraceae) was discovered near Palermo (Sicily) in 2008. This species had not been found since 1918. Detailed study of morphological characters of adults, larvae and pupae revealed that Pumilomyia protrahenda belongs to the genus Rhopalomyia Rübsaamen, 1892, tribe Rhopalomyiini. The m...

Probiotics are gaining popularity both empirically and scientifically as eco-friendly alternatives in aquaculture. The present research proposed to examine the influences of selective probiotics on growth, hematology, microbes, morphology intestine stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis) a biofloc system. Additionally, this study evaluated benefit–cost ratio (BCR) specific used Stinging fing...

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a common problem caused by excessive dryness and other factors affecting the general population which involves inflammatory reactions in the cornea and associated regions of the eye. The severity can range from mildly irritating to much more severe symptoms associated with burning, stinging, itching, frequent blinking, redness, eye pain, others. DES prevalence in the p...

Stinging plankton are a potential source of irritation and morbidity for those pursuing aquatic sports in areas where they are numerous. The problem is seasonal, and likely to be familiar to local people. We describe an incident in which a number of military personnel were affected by the stings of the thimble jelly fish (Linuche unguiculata), with a brief review of the biology of the problem a...

A simple response threshold model is used to explain a pattern of division of labour observed in the ponerine ant Ectatomma ruidum, where it was found that prey-foraging behaviour could be subdivided into two categories: stinging and transporting. Stingers kill live prey and transporters carry the dead prey’s corpses back to the nest. The model can reproduce all the dynamical patterns observed ...

Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.,) is a medicinal herb commonly used by humans. The role of reactive oxygen metabolites on cancer etiology is known. There are some studies about the antioxidant effects of Urtica Dioica (UD) on therapy of some cancer types. This study aimed to investigate the effects of UD on antioxidant enzyme activities and mammary gland cancer induced by in rats-N-methyl-N-n...

Whereas interspecific associations receive considerable attention in evolutionary, behavioural and ecological literature, the proximate bases for these associations are usually unknown. This in particular applies to associations between vertebrates with invertebrates. The West-African savanna frog Phrynomantis microps lives in the underground nest of ponerine ants (Paltothyreus tarsatus). The a...