The authors have previously demonstrated that Streptococcus mutans shows an exponential-phase acid-tolerance response following an acid shock from pH 7.5 to 5.5 that enhances survival at pH 3.0. In this study the response of S. mutans H7 to acid shock was compared with the responses generated by salt, heat, oxidation and starvation. Prior induction of the acid-tolerance response did not cross-p...

Triglycerides are stored lipids with high calorific value, and so may be the preferred choice of fuel during starvation, which may be partially utilized and also may be a simultaneously synthesized along the degradation, probably to balance the lipid over load and also to prevent lipotoxicity of cells caused due to accumulation of FFA(free fatty acids). There may not be any absolute depletion o...

The stress associated with starvation is accompanied by compensatory behaviours that enhance foraging efficiency and increase the probability of encountering food. However, the molecular details of how hunger triggers changes in the activity of neural circuits to elicit these adaptive behavioural outcomes remains to be resolved. We show here that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates ne...

In 1954, Cohen and Barner discovered that a thymine auxotrophic (thyA) mutant of Escherichia coli undergoes cell death in response to thymine starvation. This phenomenon, called thymineless death (TLD), has also been found in many other organisms, including prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Though TLD has been studied intensively, its molecular mechanism has not yet been explained. Previously we repo...

Cytoplasmic tRNAs have recently been found to accumulate in the nucleus during amino acid starvation in yeast. The mechanism and regulation by which tRNAs return to the nucleus are unclear. Here, we show accumulation of cytoplasmic tRNA in the nucleus also occurs during glucose starvation. Nuclear accumulation of tRNA in response to acute glucose or amino acid starvation is rapid, reversible, r...

Glycogen is a multi-branched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals. The present paper deals with changes in the level of glycogen in Clarias batrachus, which was subjected to prolonged fasting of 40 days. Tissues of brain were selected for the study. Glycogen content was estimated by the calorimetric method of Kemp et al. (1954) as modified by Krishnaswamy...

Tolerance of glucose deprivation is an important factor for cancer proliferation, survival, migration and progression. To systematically understand adaptive responses under glucose starvation in cancers, we analyzed reverse phase protein array (RPPA) data of 115 protein antibodies across a panel of approximately 170 heterogeneous cancer cell lines, cultured under normal and low glucose conditio...

Era is an essential gene in E. coli, encoding a GTP-binding protein of unknown function. In the present work, a mutant designated Era-dE, for deletion of effector region is described. This is the first and only known era allele that confers a dominant-negative phenotype. Phenotypic analysis of the mutant showed that overproduction of Era-dE caused a dominant inhibition of growth when TCA cycle ...