To mitigate the radio-frequency (RF) performance degradation caused by electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device, low capacitance (low-C) design on ESD protection device is a solution. With the smaller layout area and small parasitic capacitance under the same ESD robustness, silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) device has been used as an effective on-chip ESD protection device in RF ICs. I...

In this paper, leakage current signatures in AlGaN HEMT are studied after storage at 300°C. By comparing gate pad topology and by localized FIB cuts, Optical Beam Induce Resistance Change (OBIRCh) analysis was used to localize current path. Results tend to indicate that mechanical stresses in the gate structure strongly influences the leakage current of the transistor. Electrical characterizati...

Historically, functional testing of interfaces was used not only to screen defects but also to “truncate” the tail of the silicon fabrication process distribution induced out of spec devices. With the advent of Source Synchronous and High Speed Serial like interfaces, there is no longer a “tail” of performance and therefore it is no longer possible to “bin” based on interface performance withou...

This paper presents the design of a high performance, radiation hard Laser Programmable Analog Array (LPAA) using LaserLink’s MakeLinkTM technology. Radiation hardness is achieved through the use of an advanced Silicon-on-Sapphire (SOS) fabrication process. The programming of the analog array is achieved through the use of laser via formation, which has extremely low resistance, negligible capa...

conclusions the peripheral arterial disease is more frequent in patients with the severe form of cvi, than in patients without cvi. concomitant risk factors for cvi and pad were high bmi and hypertension. in each patient with severe cvi it is necessary to determine the abpi, in order to exclude the presence of pad. results our results showed that the risk factors for cvi were high body mass ind...

the water deficit is the most important limiting non-biological factor to achieve the potential yield of crops. to evaluate the effect of silicon application on yield of millet under drought stress in field an experimental was carried out. treatments were included three irrigation regimes after 60 (non-stress), 90 (moderate stress) and 120 (severe stress) mm evaporation from evaporation pan, cl...

BACKGROUND Lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with decreased functional status, diminished quality of life, amputation, myocardial infarction, stroke, and death. Nevertheless, public knowledge of PAD as a morbid and mortal disease has not been previously assessed. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a cross-sectional, population-based telephone survey of a nationally...

BACKGROUND We compared the incidence of depression, defined by a Geriatric Depression Score (GDS) ≥6, between people with versus without peripheral artery disease (PAD). We determined whether depressive symptoms were associated with increased mortality in people with and without PAD. METHODS AND RESULTS Nine hundred and fifty-one PAD patients and 478 non-PAD patients were recruited from Chica...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the development of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in a large population-based sample of twins. METHODS AND RESULTS The understanding of genetics in PAD is still limited. From the Swedish Twin Registry and the national patient discharge registry, 1464 twins with PAD were identified, including 33 monozygotic (MZ) a...

BACKGROUND Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diabetes is known to increase the risk of PAD two- to four-fold. The prevalence of PAD in Korean diabetic patients has not been established. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of PAD in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes atte...