had forceps before the 1 730s at the earliest; and perforators were, to the best ofmy knowledge, a nineteenth-century invention. I have not the ghost of an idea what a head-puller is meant to be. In the illustration opposite p. 141, which shows a surgeon and a dismembered foetus, the instrument is almost certainly a sharp hook. It is not, as suggested, a pair of forceps with which it would have...

Adenomas of the gallbladder are rare tumors. They may be papillar or tubular. Tubular adenoma appears in middle aged and older patients, although it may develop even in children. This is a case report of forty-year old woman in whom a polypoid lesion was discovered in the gallbladder during regular ultrasonographic control after the liver surgery for hemangioma. The gallbladder was removed duri...

Primary hyperparathyroidism associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (hyperparathyroidism/multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1) differs in many aspects from sporadic hyperparathyroidism, which is the most frequently occurring form of hyperparathyroidism. Bone mineral density has frequently been studied in sporadic hyperparathyroidism but it has very rarely been examined in cases of hy...