introduction pulmonary vein (pv) isolation is considered as a key to atrial fibrillation (af) treatment. cryoballoon ablation is an effective therapy for pv isolation for af with minimal side effects and was approved by the us food and drug administration (fda) several years ago. successful isolation of pvs during cryoablation depends on the balloon temperature and helps in early identification...

abstract vascular injury presents a great challenge to the emergency resident because these injuries require urgent intervention to prevent loss of life or limb. sometimes serious vascular injury presents with only subtle or occult signs or symptoms. the patient may present weeks or months after initial injury with symptoms of vascular insufficiency, embolization, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous ...

background: venous diseases including varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency are one of the most important pathogenic factors worldwide. high prevalence of varicose veins and its complications is an emerging problem in the twenty-first century. this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of varicose veins in female hairdressers in shahroud, north of iran in...

aim : assessment of short term changes in portal blood flow and long term changes in liver functions in cirrhotic patients who chose to fast during the month of ramadan in summer. background : during ramadan, healthy muslims obligated to fast from predawn to sunset. patients and methods : forty cirrhotic patients intended to fast during the month of ramadan in the year 2014, were examined by co...

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cerebral vein thrombosis (cvt) is an infrequent condition with a large variety of causes that can lead to serious disabilities. however, in 20% to 35% of cases, no cause is found. in this study we evaluated the hereditary (p & c proteins, antithrombin, mutation of prothrombin g20210a and factor v leiden), other risk factors (hyperhomocycteinemia, factor viii, acl-ab, apl-ab, and ocp) and clinic...

abstract we report a 54-year-old woman with the history of end-stage renal disease (esrd) who was admitted to our hospital because of volume overload. due to long-term use of peripheral veins and arteriovenous fistula (avf) failure, central venous catheterization was the only choice for hemodialysis. she developed right upper extremiti’s pain and paresis during hemodialysis. a posteroanterior c...

purpose : to report a patient with branch retinal vein occlusion (brvo) and serologic evidence of primary cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection case report : we have reported a 27-year-old male with a complaint of sudden decrease in right eye vision starting a few days before. results : immunoglobulin g (igg) seroconversion indicated primary cmv infection. conclusion : involvement and obstruction of ...

finger vein is one of the most fitting biometric for identifying individuals. in this paper a new method for finger vein recognition is proposed. first the veins are extracted from finger vein images by using entropy based thresholding. in finger vein images the veins are appeared as dark lines. the method extracts veins as well, but the images are noisy, that means in addition to the veins the...