Future use of coal for power generation in the US depends on technologies being made available to capture and store CO2 emissions from power plants. A key candidate CO2 capture technology is oxy-firing of coal. Application of oxy-firing to existing power plants presents unquantified challenges as the characteristics of oxy-firing compared to airfiring have not been fully determined. This presen...

Inflexible performance or technology standards targeting CO2 emissions reductions from existing coal power plants would force investors to either retrofit units with CO2 emissions control equipment or retire them. However, at present neither retrofit nor replacement technologies are ideal. Investments happening today will reduce demand for breakthrough electricity generation technologies that m...

One of the common methods used as an alternative to shear walls in retrofit reinforced concrete (RC) structures is steel braces. The use braces preferred because its rapid application well increase stiffness and strength. By using different types frames, displacements can be reduced properties such structural performance, capacity, ductility, strength increased. If behavior characteristics hybr...