During the past three decades, an estimated 200 million rural residents have moved to urban centers in China. They are "sojourners" in the cities and maintain close ties with their home communities, which we term trans-local ties. This paper examines the relationship between migrants' social ties and their mental health, and contrasts the trans-local ties with migrants' ties in the receiving co...

From a social capital perspective, this article investigates how entrepreneurs in new ventures utilize their managerial ties (consisting of ties with other firms and ties with government) to capture opportunity. We also explore the moderating role of organizational learning (via exploratory learning and exploitative learning) in this process. Drawing on a sample of 159 new ventures, we find tha...

Social networks are important for finding jobs, but which ties are most useful? Granovetter (1973) suggested that “weak ties” are more valuable than “strong ties,” since strong ties have redundant information, while weak ties have new information. Using six million Facebook users’ data we find evidence for the opposite. We proxy for job help by identifying people who eventually work with a pre-...

The effect of brick-and-mortar and online factors on the formation of citation and reply ties is studied using an unique data set that compiles blogging activity within a global IT services firm for over a year and a half. We found that online ties over the blog network are not limited by the brick-and-mortar ties. Rather, they behave as a cohesive, persistent, and independent group. Further ex...

In this article, we study the conditions under which having ties that span organizational boundaries (bridging ties) are conducive to the generation of innovations. Whereas previous research has shown that bridging ties have a positive impact on innovative performance, our analysis of 276 R&D scientists and engineers reveals that there are no advantages associated with bridging per se. In contr...

Adultery (zinā’) as a sexual act is double-edged affair that plays prominent part in reshaping the legal and social image of both adulterer cheated person. Besides being phenomenon, adultery process transforms people into objects positive law. Throughout history, various sanctions have punished adulterers, compensated those who violated rights arising from family ties. Punishment for adultery, ...

The earliest descriptions of Latin finger alphabets were recorded in southern Europe between 1579 and 1589. New literary and visual evidence for sixteenth-century Ottoman Arabic and Ottoman Turkish sign systems are presented and analyzed in this article. AlJāḥ iẓ (d. 869), a famous author of Arabic literature and theology in Abbasid-era Iraq, counted signs (in Arabic, ishārāt) among the five me...

From a single pharmacy in Izmir opened by the founder of dynasty Süleyman Ferit to an industrial corporation whose fields activity include construction materials, pharmaceuticals, consumer goods, investment and real estate, story entrepreneurial success Eczacıbaşı family unfolded against backdrop turbulent political social life Ottoman Empire Turkey 20th century. The presented article examines ...

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