نتایج جستجو برای: nicotine

تعداد نتایج: 17206  

Journal: :The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 2005
P R Lockman G McAfee W J Geldenhuys C J Van der Schyf T J Abbruscato D D Allen

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) nicotine transfer has been well documented in view of the fact that this alkaloid is a cerebral blood flow marker. However, limited data are available that describe BBB penetration of the major tobacco alkaloids after chronic nicotine exposure. This question needs to be addressed, given long-term nicotine exposure alters both BBB function and morphology. In contrast to...

2008
Alexandre A. Steiner Daniela L. Oliveira Jennifer L. Roberts Scott R. Petersen Andrej A. Romanovsky

Steiner AA, Oliveira DL, Roberts JL, Petersen SR, Romanovsky AA. Nicotine administration and withdrawal affect survival in systemic inflammation models. J Appl Physiol 105: 1028–1034, 2008. First published July 10, 2008; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.90619.2008.—How different regimens of nicotine administration and withdrawal affect systemic inflammation is largely unknown. We studied the effects of...

Journal: :iranian red crescent medical journal 0
hasan pahang department of anatomy and cell biology, faculty of medicine, mashhad university of medical sciences, mashhad, ir iran mohammad reza nikravesh department of anatomy and cell biology, faculty of medicine, mashhad university of medical sciences, mashhad, ir iran; department of anatomy and cell biology, faculty of medicine, mashhad university of medical sciences, mashhad, ir iran. tel: +98-5118002490, fax: +98-5118002484 mehdi jalali department of anatomy and cell biology, faculty of medicine, mashhad university of medical sciences, mashhad, ir iran alireza ebrahimzadeh bideskan department of anatomy and cell biology, faculty of medicine, mashhad university of medical sciences, mashhad, ir iran peyman zargari department of human genetics, faculty of medicine, mashhad university of medical sciences, mashhad, ir iran ariane sadr nabavi department of human genetics, faculty of medicine, mashhad university of medical sciences, mashhad, ir iran

conclusions this study revealed that vitamin c could reduce the fibronectin accumulation effects of nicotine on kidney. results ihc results showed that fibronectin reaction significantly increased in proximal convoluted tubules of exp 1 compared with the control offspring; on the other hand, fibronectin reaction decreased in the mice offspring of exp 2. gene expression results showed that fibro...

Journal: :Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2004
Deniz Yildiz

Nicotine is a naturally occurring alkaloid found in many plants. The principal sources of nicotine exposure is through the use of tobacco, nicotine containing gum and nicotine replacement therapies. Nicotine is an amine composed of pyridine and pyrrolidine rings. It has been shown that nicotine crosses biological membranes and the blood brain barrier easily. The absorbed nicotine is extensively...

Journal: :Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 2010
Jeannette Zinggeler Berg Linda B von Weymarn Elizabeth A Thompson Katherine M Wickham Natalie A Weisensel Dorothy K Hatsukami Sharon E Murphy

BACKGROUND Tobacco exposure is routinely assessed by quantifying nicotine metabolites in plasma or urine. On average, 80% of nicotine undergoes C-oxidation to cotinine. However, interindividual variation in nicotine glucuronidation is substantial, and glucuronidation accounts for from 0% to 40% of total nicotine metabolism. We report here the effect of a polymorphism in a UDP-glucuronsyltransfe...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2012
Jessica Grundey Nivethida Thirugnanasambandam Kim Kaminsky Anne Drees Angela C Skwirba Nicolas Lang Walter Paulus Michael A Nitsche

Nicotine improves cognitive functions by modulating neuroplasticity and cortical excitability in nonsmoking subjects. As shown recently, the positive effect of nicotine on cognition might at least partially be caused by a focusing effect of nicotine on neuroplasticity in these subjects. Concordant to this, smokers under nicotine withdrawal show reduced cognitive abilities, which are at least pa...

Journal: :The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 2006
P R Pentel M B Dufek S A Roiko M G Lesage D E Keyler

Vaccination against nicotine blocks or attenuates nicotine-related behaviors relevant to addiction in rats. Passive immunization with nicotine-specific antibodies is an alternative to vaccination with the potential advantages of allowing control of antibody dose and affinity. In the current study, the effects of two antibodies on the distribution of nicotine to brain were evaluated during chron...

2015
Prescott T. Leach Justin W. Kenney David Connor Thomas J. Gould

Cigarette smoking is common despite adverse health effects. Nicotine's effects on learning may contribute to addiction by enhancing drug-context associations. Effects of nicotine on learning could be direct or could occur by altering systems that modulate cognition. Because thyroid signaling can alter cognition and nicotine/smoking may change thyroid function, nicotine could affect learning thr...

Journal: :Tobacco control 2005
N Gray J E Henningfield N L Benowitz G N Connolly C Dresler K Fagerstrom M J Jarvis P Boyle

Global tobacco deaths are high and rising. Tobacco use is primarily driven by nicotine addiction. Overall tobacco control policy is relatively well agreed upon but a long term nicotine policy has been less well considered and requires further debate. Reaching consensus is important because a nicotine policy is integral to the target of reducing tobacco caused disease, and the contentious issues...

Background: The toxic effect of sodium arsenate on nervous system has been shown; but the protective effects of several compounds against sodium arsenate are not clear. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of nicotine and bucladesine, two positive modulators of neuronal function, on sodium arsenate toxicity against avoidance memory impairment. Methods: Male mice (N=154) were ...

نمودار تعداد نتایج جستجو در هر سال

با کلیک روی نمودار نتایج را به سال انتشار فیلتر کنید