Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool to visualize the spatial distribution of molecules on a tissue section. The main limitation of MALDI-MSI of proteins is the lack of direct identification. Therefore, this study focuses on a MSI~LC-MS/MS-LF workflow to link the results from MALDI-MSI with potential peak identification and label-free quantitation, using only one tissue section. A...

Genetic instability plays a central role in the development and progression of human cancer. Two major classes of genetic instability, microsatellite instability (MSI) and chromosome instability (microsatellite stable; MSS), are best understood in the context of colon cancer, where MSI tumors represent approximately 15% of cases, and compared with MSS tumors, more often arise in the proximal co...

Over the last 20 years it has become clear that colorectal cancer (CRC) evolves through multiple pathways. These pathways may be defined on the basis of two molecular features: (i) DNA microsatellite instability (MSI) status stratified as MSI-high (MSI-H), MSI-low (MSI-L) and MS stable (MSS), and (ii) CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) stratified as CIMP-high, CIMP-low and CIMP-negative (CI...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The usefulness of immunohistochemistry to screen for the microsatellite instability (MSI) phenotype in gastric cancer remains unclear. Moreover, the prognostic value of MSI phenotypes in gastric cancer has been debated. METHODS The clinicopathologic parameters and survival outcomes of 203 MSI-high (MSI-H) and 261 microsatellite-stable (MSS) advanced gastric cancers (AGCs) were...

HYPOTHESIS Stage I or II colorectal carcinomas with microsatellite instability (MSI) are characterized by more isolated lymph nodes in the resected specimen than their counterparts with microsatellite stability (MSS). DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Academic research. PATIENTS Using a pentaplex polymerase chain reaction assay, MSI status was determined prospectively for 135 operative pa...

Genomic instability at simple repeated sequences, termed microsatellite instability (MSI), plays an important role in the analysis of sporadic and hereditary colon cancers. In hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC) more than 90% of cases show MSI, whereas only 10-15% of sporadic colorectal cancers do so. Thus, microsatellite analysis is commonly used as the first diagnostic...

Microsatellite instability (MSI) seems to be a rare event in hepatocarcinogenesis and might actually be associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in which the liver is often the site of chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. The aim of this work was to define the MSI phenotype in HCC affecting exclusively normal livers to avoid slippage errors due to cirrhosis. One hundred and ...

The microsatellite instable (MSI) subset of colorectal cancer exhibits an active Th1/CTL immune microenvironment, probably due to recognition of a high number of tumor neoantigens. However, the high expression of checkpoint molecules PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, and IDO in MSI colorectal cancer distinguishes MSI from microsatellite stable colorectal cancer and creates an immunosuppressive microe...

G. D. Putnik, Editorial identifies semiotics as a candidate framework for a new MSI paradigm to extend the solution space of the MSI discipline with focus on use, interpretation and communication of and about technical solutions for MSI. Semiotics comprises syntax, semantic and pragmatics. Contrary to the first two the latter is totally unknown in the MSI discipline, but all three are used in i...