It is essential to lubricate the shell since inadequate lubrication leads to defects in the steel product (e.g. longitudinal cracks, sticker breakouts and star cracks). The liquid layer of the slag film, formed between the shell and the mould, lubricates the newly formed shell; the lubrication increases with increasing liquid slag thickness (dl). Lubrication is usually represented by the powder...

master moulds are used to cast copper anode moulds. these iron moulds are made of grey or nodular cast irons. according to desirable properties of ductile irons, it was expected that ductile cast iron moulds could have performed their nominal life. but in service, these moulds have not performed their nominal life and they have experienced premature failures due to warping and cracking. also gr...

Understanding how respiratory health risks are associated with housing is essential to designing effective strategies to improve children’s quality of life. A survey designed to determine the relationship between respiratory health and housing conditions was completed by 3,423 parents of grades 3 and 4 children in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Air samples were then taken in the homes of a subset ...

BACKGROUND Mould-attributed symptoms have included features which overlap with unexplained syndromes such as sick building syndrome. OBJECTIVES We describe questionnaire and chart review findings in patients following exposure to moulds which include Stachybotrys and compare responses with two control groups. METHODS Thirty-two patients presented with symptoms attributed to mould exposures....

In September 2013, we discovered sooty mould growing on kenaf with the extrafloral nectaries in Iksan, Korea and identified the causative fungus as Leptoxyphium kurandae based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses. This is the first report of sooty mould caused by L. kurandae on kenaf in Korea and globally.

Purpose Stachybotrys atra has achieved great notoriety recently as a mould capable of producing mycotoxin, a potentially quite harmful substance. Because of news reports, patients have become quite concerned about “mould allergy” as the cause of an increasing number of symptoms. We set out to discover what percentage of patients referred to regional Allergy clinics have become sensitized to mou...

Continuous casting is the central process phase with strong influence on the final quality of the steel products. Several different models for continuous casting have been developed at the Laboratory of Metallurgy at Helsinki University of Technology (TKK) concerning e.g. fluid flow, heat transfer, thermodynamic equilibria and statistical approaches. In this paper the inhouse solidification mod...

A 12-year-old boy with moderate to severe bilateral mixed hearing loss was planned for hearing aid placement. During the process of making ear mould impression, the impression material accidentally entered the right middle ear. Removal of the ear mould impression was possible permeatally under general anaesthesia.

   This paper describes the work done between IUST and two Iranian steelworks to evaluate and review the performance of mould fluxes in current use for continuous casting. Calculations have been performed to compare actual values of powder consumption, viscosity and break temperature of the fluxes in current use with required values derived from published empirical rules for casting conditions....