Marine reserves represent an emerging management tool, and are a challenge to the application of basic marine ecology to applied problems. Although some aspects of reserve science are extensively researched, new information on reserves is badly needed in at least two major areas 1) the impact that reserves have on the ecosystems in which they are imbedded, and 2) the way we can use complex ecol...

Do no-take marine reserves affect fishery yields? Manipulations of reserve status, and yield estimates, were made at two Philippine islands over two decades. Twenty-five percent and ten percent, respectively, of the coral reefs at Sumilon and Apo islands were made no-take reserves in 1974 and 1982. Biomass of target fish increased inside the no-take reserves 3to 4.5-fold over 9–18 years. Biomas...

Meta-analyses of field studies have shown that biomass, density, species richness, and size of organisms protected by no-take marine reserves generally increase over time. The magnitude and timing of changes in these response variables, however, vary greatly and depend upon the taxonomic groups protected, size and type of reserve, oceanographic regime, and time since the reserve was implemented...

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS No-take marine reserves are often implemented to recover overfished stocks. The extent to which these reserves have met their objectives is unclear. Current methods for reserve evaluation are not standardized and rely solely on biological data, excluding the socioeconomic and governance dimensions. Existing frameworks do not provide a tool to perform the analysis. Existing fram...

No-take marine reserves (NTMRs) are much advocated as a solution to managing marine ecosystems, protecting exploited species and restoring natural states of biodiversity [1,2]. Increasingly, it is becoming clear that effective marine conservation and management at ecosystem and regional scales requires extensive networks of NTMRs [1,2]. The world's largest network of such reserves was establish...

miankaleh biosphere reserve it has a set of marine and land ecosystems an area about 67349 ha and is located in the north of iran and southeast farthermost of caspian sea. the diversity of the natural characteristics of caspian region is the cause of diversity in the habitats, and has resulted in nesting of most plant species in the germinative range. regarding the importance of coastal ecosyst...

The application of agent methodologies in process monitoring and control is a relatively novel approach, particularly suitable for distributed and dislocated systems. As for marine reservers, access monitoring is aimed at avoiding intrusions of unauthorized boats – also considering that, typically, marine reserves are located in areas not easily accessible. Typical solutions consist of using ra...

Large-scale catastrophic events, although rare, lie generally beyond the control of local management and can prevent marine reserves from achieving biodiversity outcomes. We formulate a new conservation planning problem that aims to minimize the probability of missing conservation targets as a result of catastrophic events. To illustrate this approach we formulate and solve the problem of minim...

In the Pacific, the protection of coral reef resources is often achieved through the implementation of village-based marine reserves (VBMRs). While substantial fisheries benefits are often reported, results of quantitative approaches are controversial for benthic macroinvertebrates, whose life history traits may cause low congruence with protective measures implemented at non-ecologically relev...

Marine reserves, areas closed to all forms of fishing, continue to be advocated and implemented to supplement fisheries and conserve populations. However, although the reproductive potential of important fishery species can dramatically increase inside reserves, the extent to which larval offspring are exported and the relative contribution of reserves to recruitment in fished and protected pop...