Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this paper do not necessarily represent the positions of IIASA or its collaborating and supporting organizations. The orientation and content of this report cannot be taken as indicating the position of the European Commission or its services. Summary This report reviews recent developments that are potentially relevant for the control of agricultu...

Could propane from Alaska’s North Slope reduce energy costs for electric utilities and residential space heating, water heating, and cooking demands? We explored the hypothesis that propane is a viable alternative for fourteen selected communities along the Yukon and Kuskokwim Rivers, coastal Alaska, and Fairbanks. Our analysis forecasts propane and fuel prices at the wholesale and retail level...

Objective: In this study investigated effects of different amounts of pelleted manure with urea and micro elements on yield and seed quality of medicinal plants, pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo var. styriaca). Methods: The animal manure and urea as pellet with four levels (150 Kg urea, 50 Kg urea + 3.5 ton animal manure, 100 (Kg) urea+ 1.5 ton animal manure and 150 (Kg) urea+1.5 ton animal man...

In this article the potential of cost optimization for electrical floor heating systems is studied. Model Predictive Control (MPC) based optimization method is used to optimize energy costs of electric floor heating while taking into account user set temperature restrictions (comfort levels) and dynamic day ahead electricity spot prices. The aim of this paper is to find what effect does MPC opt...

The seasonal thermal energy storage technology for domestic heating applications is not enjoying the same increasing market penetration as the smaller diurnal thermal energy storage technology. Although high efficiencies are to expect with seasonal thermal energy storages, high up-front costs are likely to constitute an efficient market barrier, impeding the growth of this technology. This pape...

Market penetration studies indicate that in the absence of tax credits, large reductions in the costs of active solar hot water/space heating systems will be necessary. A number of potential means for equipment and labor cos‘t reductions are pres'ented. The use of drainback systems with'polybutylene pipe and a variety of low-cost collector concepts is discussed-. The pros and cons of the variou...

introduction: cost estimation is a important tool which assist the managers to plan and to control the economic functions of the organization. the present study aims to identify the cost of a cesarean surgery in one of the first class public hospitals in iran. methodology: reviewing all expenses of the hospital documents in the financial unit, the cost of a cesarean surgery was determined throu...

Swine manure slurries were ozonated at a dosage of 1 g/L and tested for their toxicity to the house fly (Musca domestica). The observed toxicity of ozonated swine manure was consistent and independent of origin of the swine manure. A dose (dilution) response curve was performed. A 50% dilution in the ozonated swine manure slurry resulted in 90% reduction in toxicity. Neither the synthetic nor o...

Tuberose is one of the most important aromatic cut flower among ornamental plants that its growth and quality is influenced by the type and percentage of mineral compounds in the substrate. This study was carried out on the basis of a randomized complete design to explore the impact of feldspar, talc, dolomite and tuff minerals at the rate of 10, 20 and 40% incorporated with garden soil and man...

Value-added traits of alfalfa are needed to provide farmers new high value profitable products. Processing alfalfa to obtain value added products includes three different fractionation methods: 1) wet fractionation; separation into juice fraction and a fiber fraction, 2) dry fractionation; separation into leaves and stems, and 3) fractionation by passage of the whole herbage through the digesti...