background: developmental delay is one of the most common problems of children referred to pediatric neurology clinics. while there are reports on rehabilitation and its effects, limited studies are available to delineate pharmacotherapy of such children. because many children with developmental delay have abnormal findings in electroencephalography, we aimed to treat a group of these children,...

OBJECTIVE To illustrate the clinical features, laboratory findings, and management of anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS), emphasizing the importance of recognizing its multiple clinical components and raising awareness of the cross-sensitivity among different anticonvulsants. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION Two cases of AHS due to carbamazepine and a combination of sodium v...

The effect of sodium valproate 1200 mg daily on the disability of Parkinsonism and on levodopa-induced dyskinesia was assessed in a double-blind crossover trial with matched placebo in 12 patients with Parkinson's disease. No objective change in the severity of Parkinsonism or dyskinesias was noted. However, six out of nine patients who completed the trial noted a slight to moderate improvement...

One hundred and eighty one patients with previously untreated epilepsy were randomised to sodium valproate, phenytoin or carbamazepine as monotherapy and followed up for a median period which ranged from 14 to 24 months. All three drugs were highly effective in the control of generalised seizures but less effective for partial seizures. Excellent or good control was achieved with therapeutic le...

Sixty-eight patients with convulsive status epilepticus (SE) were randomly assigned to two groups to study the efficacy of sodium valproate (VPA) and phenytoin (PHT). Seizures were aborted in 66% in the VPA group and 42% in the PHT group. As a second choice in refractory patients, VPA was effective in 79% and PHT was effective in 25%. The side effects in the two groups did not differ. Sodium va...

Baller-Gerold syndrome (BGS) is characterized by craniosynostosis and preaxial upper-limb malformations, and it has an autosomal recessive inheritance. Valproate syndrome occurs after exposure to valproic acid in utero, and is characterized by trigonocephaly. Both syndromes can also present with other malformations. Herein, we report a female newborn and her brother who both had a history of fe...

Valproate is an important anticonvulsant which is rarely associated with fatal hepatotoxicity. Previous experiments have shown that valproate inhibits several metabolic processes in isolated rat hepatocytes and when administered to starved rats causes a fall in the blood concentrations of glucose and ketone bodies. Since these changes may be related to the hepatotoxicity, the effect of valproat...