‎Let $R$ be a domain with quotiont field $K$‎, ‎and‎ ‎let $N$ be a submodule of an $R$-module $M$‎. ‎We say that $N$ is‎ ‎powerful (strongly primary) if $x,yin K$ and‎ ‎$xyMsubseteq N$‎, ‎then $xin R$ or $yin R$ ($xMsubseteq N$‎ ‎or $y^nMsubseteq N$ for some $ngeq1$)‎. ‎We show that a submodule‎ ‎with either of these properties is comparable to every prime‎ ‎submodule of $M$‎, ‎also we show tha...

‎In this work‎, ‎we introduce the concept of classical 2-absorbing secondary modules over a commutative ring as a generalization of secondary modules and investigate some basic properties of this class of modules‎. ‎Let $R$ be a commutative ring with‎ ‎identity‎. ‎We say that a non-zero submodule $N$ of an $R$-module $M$ is a‎ ‎emph{classical 2-absorbing secondary submodule} of $M$ ...

The concept of idempotent elements plays an important role in semigroup theory and semiring theory. In this paper we characterize idempotent pre-generalized hypersubstitutions of type τ = (2, 2).

A unifying approach to software and hardware design generated by ideas of Idempotent Mathematics is discussed. The so-called idempotent correspondence principle for algorithms, programs and hardware units is described. A software project based on this approach is presented.

In this paper, we present necessary and sufficient conditions for X? to be idempotent orthogonal idempotent, where ? {A?, AD, AD?, A?,D Aw}. Several characteristics when is are derived by core-EP decomposition. Additionally, give some equivalent matrix A using the properties of generalized inverses A.