the most important and practical phase of analyzing the linguistic errors of second language learners is to find the solutions to decrease these errors. to that end, the present study examined translation strategy to decrease the number of grammatical and lexical errors of chinese language learners learning persian. twelve chinese language learners were asked to write a text in two stages. firs...

As new biotechnologies are developed, the parallels with GM crops are often drawn. In this paper, I consider GM animals and contrast them with GM crops. I use a systems of innovation perspective to consider innovation, product markets and regulatory systems and suggest that whilst there are some parallels between GM crops and animals there are also clear differences. There are differences in th...

Metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon but also reflects the concept projection between source and target domains in human cognition. Previous sequence tagging-based metaphor identification methods could model projection, resulting limitation that outputs of these models are unexplainable predictions metaphoricity labels. In this work, we propose first explainable model, inspired by Conce...

Relevance theory challenges the traditional view of context, proposes the concept of cognitive context and a new inferential model. Its explanation of metaphor from the cognitive perspective is rather different from other metaphor theories. By discussing relevance theory’s views on context and metaphor respectively, this paper, based on the researches of contemporary scholars and pragmatists on...

We report our developments on metaphor and affect sensing for several metaphorical language phenomena including affects as external entities metaphor, food metaphor, animal metaphor, size metaphor, and anger metaphor. The metaphor and affect sensing component has been embedded in a conversational intelligent agent interacting with human users under loose scenarios. Evaluation for the detection ...

instrument of domination. Each metaphor highlights other aspects of organizational life (see Figure 4.1.). For further analysis, the metaphors can be grouped into three groups: the machine group, the organism group, and the mind group. The machine group only contains the machine metaphor (Paragraph 4.3.). The organism group focuses on the dynamic relationship of organization and environment and...