Cellulases are pathogenic substances suspected to be responsible for the development of the early symptoms of nematode disease. The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Parasitaphelenchidae), is the causal agent of pine wilt disease, which kills millions of pine trees. We used RNA interference (RNAi), a reverse genetic tool, to analyze the function of the endo-β-1,4-glucanase ge...

α-1,3-Glucanase from Streptomyces thermodiastaticus HF3-3 (Agl-ST) has been classified in the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 87. Agl-ST is a multi-modular domain consisting of an N-terminal β-sandwich (β-SW), catalytic domain, uncharacterized (UC), and C-terminal discoidin (DS). Although did not hydrolyze α-1,4-glycosidic bonds, its amino acid sequence more similar to GH87 mycodextranase than ...

Fusarium infection decreases the yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.); however, knowledge about response to fungal attack is limited. Chitosan induces plant defense stress conditions. Here, we analyzed effects chitosan with low (Ch1, 39 kDa) and medium (Ch2, 135 molecular weight on in garlic. Ch1 Ch2 at concentrations 0.125–0.400 mg/mL suppressed growth proliferatum cultures vitro. Pretreatment ...

To reveal the mechanism of resistance of pear against ring rot induced by SA, the influence of SA treatment on disease severity and plant defense enzymes were studied with Pyrus bretschneideri cv. Yali and Physalospora piricola Nose as the materials. It is interesting to note that the resistance of pear to P. piricola could be greatly increased by the treatment of 0.2 mM SA. In the present stud...

22 A new acid stable exo--1,3-glucanase of Rhizoctonia solani purified from a commercial source 23 „Kitarase-M‟, by a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange and gel filtration 24 methods, had specific activity 0.26 U/mg protein, Km and Vmax values of 0.78 mg/ml and 0.27 mM/min/mg 25 protein, respectively. It had molecular weight of 62 kDa with optimum activity at 40°C temp...

The fungus Agaricus bisporus is commercially grown for the production of edible mushrooms. This cultivation occurs on compost, but not all of this substrate is consumed by the fungus. To determine why certain fractions remain unused, carbohydrate degrading enzymes, water-extracted from mushroom-grown compost at different stages of mycelium growth and fruiting body formation, were analyzed for t...

Twenty-seven thermophilic and thermotolerant fungal strains were isolated from soil, decaying organic matter and sugarcane piles based on their ability to grow at 45°C on medium containing corn straw and cardboard as carbon sources. These fungi were identified in the genera Aspergillus, Thermomyces, Myceliophthora, Thermomucor and Candida. The majority of the isolated strains produced xylanase ...

A gene encoding a beta-1,3-1,4-glucanase (CelA) belonging to family 5 of glycoside hydrolases was cloned and sequenced from the Bacillus subtilis A8-8. The open-reading-frame of celA comprised 1499 base pairs and the enzyme was composed of 500 amino acids with a molecular mass of 55 kDa. The recombinant beta-1,3-1,4 glucanase was purified by GST-fusion purification system. The pH and temperatur...

Endo-1,3-beta-glucanase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes the 1,3-beta-glycosyl linkages of beta-glucan, belongs to the family 16 glycosyl hydrolases, which are widely distributed among bacteria, fungi and higher plants. Crystals of a family 16 endo-1,3-beta-glucanase from the alkaliphilic Nocardiopsis sp. strain F96 were obtained by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. The crystals belonged to s...

We have analyzed the tissue-specific expression o f chitinase, ß-l,3-glucanase and, for com ­ parison, phenylalanine am m onia-lyase genes in healthy, unstressed po ta to (Solanum tubero­ sum) plants by using R N A -R N A hybridization and im m unostaining techniques to localize the respective m R N A s and proteins in situ. P reparations o f leaf, flower, shoot tip, node and axillary bud revea...