In land systems, equitably managing trade-offs between planetary boundaries and human development needs represents a grand challenge in sustainability oriented initiatives. Informing such initiatives requires knowledge about the nexus between land use, poverty, and environment. This paper presents results from Lao PDR, where we combined nationwide spatial data on land use types and the environm...

We give sufficient conditions for a shift space (Σ, σ) to be intrinsically ergodic, along with sufficient conditions for every subshift factor of Σ to be intrinsically ergodic. As an application, we show that every subshift factor of a β-shift is intrinsically ergodic, which answers an open question included in Mike Boyle’s article “Open problems in symbolic dynamics”. We obtain the same result...

We study a deterministic approximation of the two-user multiple access wiretap channel. This approximation enables results beyond the recently shown 2 3 secure degrees of freedom (s.d.o.f.) for the Gaussian multiple access channel. While the s.d.o.f. were obtained by real interference alignment, our approach uses signal-scale alignment. We show an achievable scheme which is independent of the r...

Owing to the increasing population, the disparity of natural resources distribution and the variation of climate around the world, there are energy-water-food nexus problems in some countries in the world. It is the objective of the current work to point to the wealth of the oceans as a resource to find all three components. Aquaculture for deep water should also be investigated, and coastal aq...

Rat liver gap junctions were isolated in Ca2+-free media and analyzed in controlled environments by x-ray diffraction of partially oriented pellets. Different treatments of the same preparations were compared. The ordered hexagonal lattices gave rise to detail that was sensitive to low Ca2+ concentrations (0.05 mM), but not to Mg2+ (up to 0.16 mM) or pH (between 6.0 and 8.0). The major Ca2+-med...

D. A. Muller,1,2 D. A. Shashkov,3 R. Benedek,3 L. H. Yang,4 J. Silcox,1 and D. N. Seidman3 1School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 2Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974 3Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208 4Condensed Matter Physics Division, Lawrence Liv...

abstract: the gap between supplied services and people’s expectations is a fundamental problem upon the connection between municipality and citizens. the main objective of this research is to survey the synchronization measure of supplied services by mashhad’s municipality toward mashhad citizens’ expectations. descriptive and analytical methods are implemented in this research. chosen sa...

air spindles are one of the main elements of precise machine tools. vibration of these spindles is one of the vital issues necessary for investigation. among parameters which influence air spindle vibrations are rotational speed, compression air method, input nozzle diameter, air gap pressure. in this study using ansys, the effects of air gap thickness on air spindle vibrations have been invest...

the aim of this paper is to explain the relationship between generation gap and democracy in iran in the last fifty years. to do so, the writers have used the results of the national polls conducted in 1974, 1995 and 2002 in their attempt to clarify the activeness or inactiveness of the generation gap by analyzing the differences between the attitudes, values and behaviors of the young and adul...