We propose an innovative methodology to quantify the dependence of grain growth with respect current density during flash sintering zirconia (3YSZ) (field set under a nominal limit 150 mA mm−2. This was achieved by using notch (0.5 mm deep and 1.5 wide) located in middle dog-bone specimen, allowing uneven distribution (ranging from 3 670 mm−2) while maintaining fairly homogeneous temperature (1...