We propose a DIDE-FPP composite algorithm to improve the spatial location accuracy of tunnel fires based on distributed individuals differential evolution (DIDE) and four-point positioning (FPP) method. Using DIDE solve multimodal optimization problems in fire can locate more peaks peak finding, FPP method is used process points located using achieve which cannot be achieved otherwise only. 20 ...

This paper presents studies that focus on fire and explosion-induced damage of tunnel structures by employing the Discrete Element Method (DEM). By assuming a two-dimensional aggregate distribution reconstructing digital representation experimental concrete blocks, numerical model lining was established in PFC2D program. The temperature shock wave pressure at surface were obtained using Fluent ...

The paper considers the spread of combustion products caused by fires with different heat release rates: 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50 MW in up to 400 m long tunnels. slope tunnels on numerical models is - 0, 1, 3, 7, 9%. cross-sectional area tunnel 42.5m 2 . describes dynamic variability damaging factors “chimney effect” such as carbon monoxide and temperature. Modeling was done FDS software using fin...