OBJECTIVE To investigate the value of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy after extubation in patients with acute respiratory failure. METHODS A single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled pilot trial was conducted between January 2013 and December 2014. Sixty enrolled patients were randomized immediately after extubation into either a high-flow nasal cannula group (n=30) or an air ...

BACKGROUND Respiratory support following postoperative extubation is of major importance to prevent hypoxemia and subsequent respiratory failure and reintubation. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC) delivers a flow-dependent positive airway pressure and improves oxygenation by increasing end-expiratory lung volume. Whether application of HFNC may have therapeutic advantages over conventional ...

Objectives: Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a complication following thyroid surgery; its incidence is reported as high as 0.9%. Through an illustrative case series, we present an alternative treatment of this peculiar ARF: the nasotracheal Prolonged Safe Extubation (PSE). Methods: Patients treated at our Intensive Care Unit for ARF following thyroid surgery from January 2004 to December 200...

Abstract: Fast tracking approaches in liver transplantation include postoperative extubation immediately after surgery in the operating theatre. Based on the experience of 837 liver transplantations performed between 01/97 and 05/05, we report on the safety and feasibility of this procedure in almost 80% of transplant recipients, without increasing the incidence of subsequent reintubation (11%)...

OBJECTIVE Identify risk factors that determine pneumonia development in patients who have undergone cardiac surgery. METHODS Prospective study of a single cohort in a postoperative intensive care unit at a tertiary care center, encompassing all patients undergoing cardiac surgery from January to July 2014. RESULTS 31 postoperative pneumonia cases were enrolled out of 211 patients (14.6%). T...

Background About 40 to 60% of all patients admitted to pediatric intensive care unitsundergo mechanical ventilation and 10 to 20% will fail to be extubated. We aimed to determine the role of the rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) in predicting successful weaning of pediatric patients with respiratory failure.   Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, was performed on 72 mechanical...

A 26 week gestation infant had an increasingly elevated right hemidiaphragm following drainage of bilateral pleural effusions and failed extubation on numerous occasions. Electric stimulation of the phrenic nerves revealed absent activity on the right, indicating phrenic nerve injury from chest tube drain insertion. Diaphragmatic plication was performed and the infant successfully extubated fou...

INTRODUCTION Noninvasive ventilation (NIV), as a weaning-facilitating strategy in predominantly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mechanically ventilated patients, is associated with reduced ventilator-associated pneumonia, total duration of mechanical ventilation, length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, and mortality. However, this benefit after planned extubation in ...

Using a preset protocol for early extubation, 50 babies were randomly selected to post-extubation headbox or post-extubation nasal continuous positive airway pressure (N-CPAP). All infants weighed less than 1500 g, had a gestational age of less than 34 weeks, and had been weaning from mechanical ventilation within seven days of life. The criteria for extubation included stable condition, fracti...

PATIENT Female, 57 FINAL DIAGNOSIS: Syryngomyelia • cervical SYMPTOMS Acute respiratory insufficiency Medication: - Clinical Procedure: - Specialty: Pulmonology. OBJECTIVE Rare disease. BACKGROUND Failed planned extubation occurs in a minority of patients with acute respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. In patients presenting with acute respiratory failure with no...