According to international trade theories, countries attempt to produce and export commodities with their abundant resources. Iran has great energy resources and availability of inexpensive energy input has increased energy consumption per capita in manufacturing sector as well as in consuming sector. Relying on low energy price, manufacturers employ energy-intensive methods for producing and e...

Industrial activity periodically experiences breakthrough innovations in energy efficiency, but the estimated impacts of these on aggregate use are highly varied. We develop a general equilibrium model to show this variation is part determined by structure economy’s input–output network. Our results industrial efficiency improvements affect through adjustments factor and commodity markets, proc...

In this paper, we propose a method for designing the optimal specifications of inertial mass dampers and oil between two buildings by using input energy analysis. The proposed is characterized use both simulated ground motions (double impulse) area to reduce over wide band motion frequency. We clarify effectiveness range earthquake characteristics comparing with ordinary methods time history an...

the effects of pulsed electric field (pef) on the cell disintegration of sugar beet were studied. field strength (0.5kv/cm to 6kv/cm), pulse number (1 to 100 pulses) and capacity of capacitors (0.5 f to 32 f) were evaluated on degree of cell disintegration and consumed energy in pef treatment. the field conditions of 1 and 2 kv/cm, 8 f with 20 and 10 pulses respectively disintegrated the cel...

abstract in order to assess the environmental impact of agricultural activity, the long-term sustainability should be considered. in order to achieve solutions to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions in the production of rainfed sunflower, this assessment was conducted in the north east of iran. four production methods, i.e. conventional tillage (ct), tow reduced tillages (rt1and rt2)...