While previous research on spatial sound perception investigated the physical mechanisms producing most relevant elevation cues, how spectral notches are generated and related to individual morphology of human pinna is still a topic debate. Correctly modeling these important in particular lowest frequency notches, an essential step for individualizing Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs). In...

in this paper, the mean value of strain energy density criterion has been used to predict the critical fracture load in specimens with u-shaped notch under bending loads. an equation for calculation of averaged strain energy density in this zone has been presented. bending loads under mode i have been considered. two cases have been studied: 1) the control volume only includes the semicircular ...

Notch signaling is crucial for maintaining neural stem cell (NSC) self-renewal and heterogeneity; however, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. In Drosophila, loss of Notch prematurely terminates the self-renewal of larval type II neuroblasts (NBs, the Drosophila NSCs) and transforms type II NBs into type I NBs. Here, we demonstrate that Notch maintains type II NBs by suppressing th...

Tinnitus, the ringing in the ears that is unrelated to any external source, causes a significant loss in quality of life, involving sleep disturbance and depression for 1 to 3% of the general population. While in the first place tinnitus may be triggered by damage to the inner ear cells, the neural generators of subjective tinnitus are located in central regions of the nervous system. A loss of...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the relation between different types of exposure to noise and a classic sign of noise induced hearing loss (NIHL), the audiometric notch. METHODS The study sample had exposure to both continuous and impulse noise and was drawn from a population of electrical transmission workers. Audiograms, taken as part of a hearing conservation programme, were read by three clinic...

PURPOSE To determine whether activated Notch can promote a supporting cell fate during sensory cell differentiation in the inner ear. METHODS An activated form of the Notch1 receptor (NICD) was expressed in early differentiating hair cells using a Gfi1-Cre mouse allele. To determine the effects of activated Notch on developing hair cells, Gfi1-NICD animals and their littermate controls were a...

In this paper, the influence of notch depth-to-width ratios on J-integral and critical load of Aluminium 8011 alloy specimens with U-notch under Mode I loading are studied. Using experiments, for a set of specimens having different notch depth–to–width ratios, J-integral was found and the same was verified using analytical methods. Further, using the results obtained from the experiments, failu...

Clathrin adaptor protein complex-1 (AP-1) and its accessory proteins play a role in the sorting of integral membrane proteins at the trans-Golgi network and endosomes. Their physiological functions in complex organisms, however, are not fully understood. In this study, we found that CG8538p, an uncharacterized Drosophila protein, shares significant structural and functional characteristics with...

Neonatal mouse cochlear supporting cells have a limited ability to divide and trans-differentiate into hair cells, but this ability declines rapidly in the two weeks after birth. This decline is concomitant with the morphological and functional maturation of the organ of Corti prior to the onset of hearing. However, despite this association between maturation and loss of regenerative potential,...