Electronic configuration of chemically bound atoms at the surface, including adsorbed species, or in the bulk of a solid contains a set of natural traps for energy absorption provided by valence band transitions or plasmon oscillations. The core level excitation of any origin is generally coupled with those traps, forming a multichannel route for nonradiative energy dissipation. Using an exampl...

The phenomenon of inelastic scattering of light by matter is referred as Raman spectroscopy named after Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman who first observed it experimentally in 1928 [1]. Because only one photon out of 106-1012 incident photons is inelastically or Raman scattered, it took some time until lasers with high enough light intensities for efficient Raman excitation and very sensitive ...

Recent results on the search for pentaquarks and on charmonium spectroscopy at BABAR are reviewed. The latter includes the observation of the puzzling new state X(3872) → J/ψ π π− in B decays, and the searches for X(3872) in two-body B decays and initial state radiation events. Contributed to the Proceedings of the XI International Conference on Elastic and Diffractive Scattering, 5/15/2005—20/...

We report the feasibility of monitoring both hemoglobin oxygen saturation and hemoglobin concentration in the superficial layer of tissue using polarization-gated elastic light-scattering spectroscopy. We detail our analysis technique, the experimental validation of our analysis, and the detection of an early increase in blood supply to the superficial layer of colon tissue in human patients wi...

The phenomenon of enhanced backscattering (also known as coherent backscattering), an object of substantial scientific interest, has awaited application to tissue optics for the past two decades. Here we demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, depth-resolved spectroscopic elastic light scattering measurements in tissue by use of low-coherence enhanced backscattering (LEBS). We achieve...

The peptide GSFSIQYTYHV derived from human semenogelin I forms a transparent hydrogel through spontaneous self-assembly in water at neutral pH. Linear rheology measurements demonstrate that the gel shows a dominating elastic response over a large frequency interval. CD, fluorescence and FTIR spectroscopy and cryo-TEM studies imply long fibrillar aggregates of extended β-sheet. Dynamic light sca...

2014 Photon correlation spectroscopy measurements are reported of the collective motion diffusion coefficient Dc and the longitudinal elastic modulus Egel of polyacrylamide gels in the poor solvent region using a water : methanol (3 : 1 by volume) mixture as solvent. It is shown that the presence of cross-links hinders the movement of polymer self-entanglements, which are characteristic of 03B8...