Coat-stripped spores suspended in hypertonic solutions and supplied with two essential cations can be converted into viable protoplasts by lysozyme digestion of both cortex and germ cell wall. Calcium ions are necessary to prevent membrane rupture, and magnesium ions are necessary for changes indicative of hydration of the core, particularily the nuclear mass. Since remnant spore coat covered s...

The title compound, (C(3)H(7)N(6))(2)[Co(H(2)O)(6)][Co(C(7)H(3)NO(4))(2)](2)·4H(2)O, or (tataH)(2)[Co(H(2)O)(6)][Co(pydc)(2)](2)·4H(2)O (where tata is 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine and pydc is pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid), was obtained by reaction of Co(NO(3))(2)·6H(2)O with the proton-transfer compound (tataH)(2)(pydc) in aqueous solution. The [Co(pydc)(2)](2-) anion is a six-coordinate Co(...

Fe(BF(4))(2)·6H(2)O in the presence of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid and PhI(OAc)(2) can efficiently catalyze the formation of chemoselective dialkyl acetals from styrene derivatives with anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity in good to high yields under mild and benign reaction conditions.

In the title compound, (C(10)H(9)N(2))[Fe(C(7)H(3)NO(4))(2)]·4H(2)O or (bpyH)[Fe(pydc)(2)]·4H(2)O, the asymmetric unit contains an [Fe(pydc)(2)](-) (pydcH(2)= pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid) anion, a protonated 4,4'-bipyridine as a counter-ion, (bpyH)(+), and four uncoordinated water mol-ecules. The anion is a six-coordinate complex with a distorted octa-hedral geometry around the Fe(III )atom....

Bacillus megaterium mutants JV-9 and JV-10 are temperature sensitive for initiation of spore germination. At 46 C, they did not lose heat resistance, dipicolinic acid, or absorbance, indicating that the temperature-sensitive blocks are very early in the sequence of initiation reactions. Strain JV-9 was temperature sensitive for initiation by glucose alone, and strain JV-10 was temperature sensi...

From the stage of a completed membranous forespore to that of a fully ripened free spore, synchronously sporulating cells of a variant Bacillus cereus were studied by cytological and chemical methods. Particular attention was paid to the development of the three spore layers--cortex, coat, and exosporium--in relation to the forespore membrane. First, the cortex is laid down between the recently...